static String format(String template, Object... args) {
    return String.format(Locale.ROOT, template, args);
  }

  /** See {@link ListListIteratorTester} */
  static int listListIteratorTesterNumIterations() {
    return 4;
  }

  /** See {@link CollectionIteratorTester} */
  static int collectionIteratorTesterNumIterations() {
    return 5;
  }

  private Platform() {}

/**
 * Exception thrown when an argument is null.
 *
 * Intended to be used instead of throwing {@link NullPointerException}.
 *
 * @author wyukawa
 */
public class NullArgumentException extends ClIllegalArgumentException {

    /**
     *
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    /**
     * Creates a {@link NullArgumentException}.
     *
     * @param argName

# Resolve links: $0 may be a link
app_path=$0

# Need this for daisy-chained symlinks.
while
    APP_HOME=${app_path%"${app_path##*/}"}  # leaves a trailing /; empty if no leading path
    [ -h "$app_path" ]
do
    ls=$( ls -ld "$app_path" )
    link=${ls#*' -> '}
    case $link in             #(
      /*)   app_path=$link ;; #(
      *)    app_path=$APP_HOME$link ;;
    esac
done

  fi
fi

if [ -z "$M2_HOME" ] ; then
  ## resolve links - $0 may be a link to maven's home
  PRG="$0"

  # need this for relative symlinks
  while [ -h "$PRG" ] ; do
    ls=`ls -ld "$PRG"`
    link=`expr "$ls" : '.*-> \(.*\)$'`
    if expr "$link" : '/.*' > /dev/null; then
      PRG="$link"
    else
      PRG="`dirname "$PRG"`/$link"
    fi
  done

  saveddir=`pwd`

  M2_HOME=`dirname "$PRG"`/..

        assertEquals("PrunedTag [tag=a, id=null, css=null, attrName=target, attrValue=_blank]", tags[0].toString());

        tags = PrunedTag.parse("a.link,div#123");
        assertEquals(2, tags.length);
        assertEquals("PrunedTag [tag=a, id=null, css=link, attrName=null, attrValue=null]", tags[0].toString());
        assertEquals("PrunedTag [tag=div, id=123, css=null, attrName=null, attrValue=null]", tags[1].toString());

   *       {@link Object#equals(Object)}.
   *   <li>{@code false} in all other situations.
   * </ul>
   *
   * <p>This assumes that any non-null objects passed to this function conform to the {@code
   * equals()} contract.
   *
   * <p><b>Note:</b> this method is now unnecessary and should be treated as deprecated; use {@link
   * java.util.Objects#equals} instead.
   */

    }

    /**
     * artifacts that could be resolved
     *
     * @return {@link List} of {@link Artifact}
     */
    public List<Artifact> getResolvedArtifacts() {
        return resolvedArtifacts;
    }

    /**
     * artifacts that could NOT be resolved
     *
     * @return {@link List} of {@link Artifact}
     */
    public List<Artifact> getMissingArtifacts() {
        return missingArtifacts;

# Including WSGI - Flask, Django, others { #including-wsgi-flask-django-others }

You can mount WSGI applications as you saw with [Sub Applications - Mounts](sub-applications.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, [Behind a Proxy](behind-a-proxy.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

For that, you can use the `WSGIMiddleware` and use it to wrap your WSGI application, for example, Flask, Django, etc.

## Using `WSGIMiddleware` { #using-wsgimiddleware }

ASGI 기술 사양에 따르면, 이는 <a href="https://asgi.readthedocs.io/en/latest/specs/lifespan.html" class="external-link" target="_blank">Lifespan Protocol</a>의 일부이며, `startup`과 `shutdown`이라는 이벤트를 정의합니다.

/// info | 정보

Starlette의 `lifespan` 핸들러에 대해 더 읽고 싶다면 <a href="https://www.starlette.io/lifespan/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette의 Lifespan 문서</a>에서 확인할 수 있습니다.

이 문서에는 코드의 다른 영역에서 사용할 수 있는 lifespan 상태를 처리하는 방법도 포함되어 있습니다.

import java.lang.annotation.Inherited;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * Optional features of classes derived from {@link Multiset}.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes") // maybe avoidable if we rework the whole package?
@GwtCompatible
public enum MultisetFeature implements Feature<Multiset> {
  /**