* supports removal operations if the backing set does. Removal operations write through to the
   * backing set. The returned map does not support put operations.
   *
   * <p><b>Warning:</b> If the function rejects {@code null}, caution is required to make sure the
   * set does not contain {@code null}, because the view cannot stop {@code null} from being added
   * to the set.
   *

   * supports removal operations if the backing set does. Removal operations write through to the
   * backing set. The returned map does not support put operations.
   *
   * <p><b>Warning:</b> If the function rejects {@code null}, caution is required to make sure the
   * set does not contain {@code null}, because the view cannot stop {@code null} from being added
   * to the set.
   *

func (s *ScanRange) Validate() error {
	if s == nil {
		return nil
	}
	if s.Start == nil && s.End == nil {
		// This parameter is optional, but when specified, it must not be empty.
		// Ref: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/API_SelectObjectContent.html#AmazonS3-SelectObjectContent-request-ScanRange
		return errors.New("ScanRange: No Start or End specified")
	}
	if s.Start == nil || s.End == nil {
		return nil

	}

	policyBuf, err := json.Marshal(sessionPolicy)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// https://docs.aws.amazon.com/STS/latest/APIReference/API_AssumeRoleWithWebIdentity.html
	// https://docs.aws.amazon.com/STS/latest/APIReference/API_AssumeRole.html
	// The plain text that you use for both inline and managed session

@DoNotMock("Use ImmutableRangeMap or TreeRangeMap")
@GwtIncompatible
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault
public interface RangeMap<K extends Comparable, V> {
  /*
   * TODO(cpovirk): These docs sometimes say "map" and sometimes say "range map." Pick one, or at
   * least decide on a policy for when to use which.
   */

  /**

你会看到类似内容：

```JSON
{"item_id": 5, "q": "somequery"}
```

## 交互式 API 文档

现在你可以转到 <a href="http://192.168.99.100/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://192.168.99.100/docs</a> 或 <a href ="http://127.0.0.1/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1/docs</a> （或其他等价的，使用 Docker 主机）。

也就是说，**FastAPI** 针对差不多 80% 的 Python 开发者使用的编辑器进行了测试，而且其它大多数编辑器的工作方式也与之类似，因此，**FastAPI** 的优势几乎能在所有编辑器上体现。

通过这种方式，我就能找到尽可能减少代码重复的最佳方式，进而实现处处都有自动补全、类型提示与错误检查等支持。

所有这些都是为了给开发者提供最佳的开发体验。

## 需求项

经过测试多种备选方案，我最终决定使用  <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">**Pydantic**</a>，并充分利用它的优势。

我甚至为它做了不少贡献，让它完美兼容了 JSON Schema，支持多种方式定义约束声明，并基于多个编辑器，改进了它对编辑器支持（类型检查、自动补全）。

Es basiert auf <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">HTTPX</a>, welches wiederum auf der Grundlage von requests konzipiert wurde, es ist also sehr vertraut und intuitiv.

Damit können Sie <a href="https://docs.pytest.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">pytest</a> direkt mit **FastAPI** verwenden.

## Verwendung von `TestClient`

/// info

# WebSockets

You can use <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WebSockets_API" class="external-link" target="_blank">WebSockets</a> with **FastAPI**.

## Install `WebSockets`

Make sure you create a [virtual environment](../virtual-environments.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, activate it, and install `websockets`:

<div class="termy">

```console
$ pip install websockets

---> 100%
```

</div>

## Verifique o usuário

Aqui está um exemplo mais completo.

Utilize uma dependência para verificar se o usuário e a senha estão corretos.

Para isso, utilize o módulo padrão do Python <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/secrets.html" class="external-link" target="_blank">`secrets`</a> para verificar o usuário e senha.