} catch (final Exception e) {
            throw new SsoLoginException("Failed to get a token.", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Attempts to refresh tokens silently using the MSAL4J silent authentication flow.
     * @param user The Azure AD user whose tokens need to be refreshed.
     * @return The new authentication result, or null if silent refresh failed.
     */

* Một hệ thống **<abbr title="cũng được biết đến như components, resources, providers, services, injectables">Dependency Injection</abbr> vô cùng mạnh mẽ và dễ dàng sử dụng.
* Bảo mật và xác thực, hỗ trợ **OAuth2**(với **JWT tokens**) và **HTTP Basic**.
* Những kĩ thuật nâng cao hơn (nhưng tương đối dễ) để định nghĩa **JSON models lồng nhau** (cảm ơn Pydantic).

* `@app.options()`
* `@app.head()`
* `@app.patch()`
* `@app.trace()`

/// tip | Astuce

Vous êtes libres d'utiliser chaque opération (méthode HTTP) comme vous le désirez.

**FastAPI** n'impose pas de sens spécifique à chacune d'elle.

Les informations qui sont présentées ici forment une directive générale, pas des obligations.

        }
    }

    /**
     * Attempts to obtain login credentials using SPNEGO authentication.
     *
     * This method processes the HTTP request to extract and validate SPNEGO
     * authentication tokens. It handles the SPNEGO handshake process and
     * extracts the user principal from successful authentication.
     *
     * @return The login credential containing the authenticated username,

///

## Global view { #global-view }

First, let's quickly see the parts that change from the examples in the main **Tutorial - User Guide** for [OAuth2 with Password (and hashing), Bearer with JWT tokens](../../tutorial/security/oauth2-jwt.md){.internal-link target=_blank}. Now using OAuth2 scopes:

{* ../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an_py310.py hl[5,9,13,47,65,106,108:116,122:126,130:136,141,157] *}

* 驗證外來的型別，比如:
    * URL
    * Email
    * UUID


### 安全性及身份驗證

FastAPI 已經整合了安全性和身份驗證的功能，但不會強制與特定的資料庫或資料模型進行綁定。

OpenAPI 中定義的安全模式，包括：

* HTTP 基本認證。
* **OAuth2**（也使用 **JWT tokens**）。在 [OAuth2 with JWT](tutorial/security/oauth2-jwt.md){.internal-link target=_blank} 查看教學。
* API 密鑰，在：
    * 標頭（Header）
    * 查詢參數
    * Cookies，等等。

加上来自 Starlette（包括 **session cookie**）的所有安全特性。

	}
}

func makeBenchInputHard() []byte {
	tokens := [...]string{
		"<a>", "<p>", "<b>", "<strong>",
		"</a>", "</p>", "</b>", "</strong>",
		"hello", "world",
	}
	x := make([]byte, 0, 1<<20)
	r := rand.New(rand.NewSource(99))
	for {
		i := r.Intn(len(tokens))
		if len(x)+len(tokens[i]) >= 1<<20 {
			break
		}
		x = append(x, tokens[i]...)
	}
	return x
}

Para OAuth2 son solo strings.

///

## Vista global

Primero, echemos un vistazo rápido a las partes que cambian desde los ejemplos en el **Tutorial - User Guide** principal para [OAuth2 con Password (y hashing), Bearer con tokens JWT](../../tutorial/security/oauth2-jwt.md){.internal-link target=_blank}. Ahora usando scopes de OAuth2:

{* ../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an_py310.py hl[5,9,13,47,65,106,108:116,122:125,129:135,140,156] *}

	}
}

// have reports whether the remaining tokens (including the current one) contain the specified token.
func (p *Parser) have(token lex.ScanToken) bool {
	for i := p.inputPos; i < len(p.input); i++ {
		if p.input[i].ScanToken == token {
			return true
		}
	}
	return false
}

// at reports whether the next tokens are as requested.
func (p *Parser) at(next ...lex.ScanToken) bool {

- `kube-apiserver` added:
  - `alpha` support (guarded by the `ServiceAccountTokenJTI` feature gate) for adding a `jti` (JWT ID) claim to service account tokens it issues, adding an `authentication.kubernetes.io/credential-id` audit annotation in audit logs when the tokens are issued, and `authentication.kubernetes.io/credential-id` entry in the extra user info when the token is used to authenticate.