private static final double[] VALUES = {
    Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY,
    -Double.MAX_VALUE,
    (double) Long.MIN_VALUE,
    (double) Integer.MIN_VALUE,
    -Math.PI,
    -1.0,
    -Double.MIN_VALUE,
    -0.0,
    +0.0,
    Double.MIN_VALUE,
    1.0,
    Math.PI,
    (double) Integer.MAX_VALUE,
    (double) Long.MAX_VALUE,
    Double.MAX_VALUE,
    Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY,
    Double.NaN,
    Float.MAX_VALUE,
  };

    assertEscaping(e, "%7F", '\u007f'); // del
    assertEscaping(e, "%C2%80", '\u0080'); // xx-00010,x-000000
    assertEscaping(e, "%DF%BF", '\u07ff'); // xx-11111,x-111111
    assertEscaping(e, "%E0%A0%80", '\u0800'); // xxx-0000,x-100000,x-00,0000
    assertEscaping(e, "%EF%BF%BF", '\uffff'); // xxx-1111,x-111111,x-11,1111
    assertUnicodeEscaping(e, "%F0%90%80%80", '\uD800', '\uDC00');
    assertUnicodeEscaping(e, "%F4%8F%BF%BF", '\uDBFF', '\uDFFF');

        core_configuration["core-configuration module"]
        style core_configuration stroke:#1abc9c,fill:#b1f4e7,stroke-width:2px,color:#000;

        core_execution["core-execution module"]
        style core_execution stroke:#1abc9c,fill:#b1f4e7,stroke-width:2px,color:#000;
    end
    style core fill:#c2e0f4,stroke:#3498db,stroke-width:2px,color:#000;

RUN pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade -r /code/requirements.txt

COPY ./app /code/app

CMD ["uvicorn", "app.main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "80"]

# If running behind a proxy like Nginx or Traefik add --proxy-headers
# CMD ["uvicorn", "app.main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "80", "--proxy-headers"]
```

</details>

## 컨테이너란

 appearance: none;\n}\n\n.custom-range:focus {\n  outline: 0;\n}\n\n.custom-range:focus::-webkit-slider-thumb {\n  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px #fff, 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.25);\n}\n\n.custom-range:focus::-moz-range-thumb {\n  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px #fff, 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.25);\n}\n\n.custom-range:focus::-ms-thumb {\n  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px #fff, 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.25);\n}\n\n.custom-range::-moz-focus-outer {\n  border: 0;\n}\n\n.custom-range::-webkit-slider-thumb {\n...

        ```Python
        import uvicorn.workers.UvicornWorker
        ```

* `--bind`: 구니콘이 관찰할 IP와 포트를 의미합니다. 콜론 (`:`)을 사용하여 IP와 포트를 구분합니다.
    * 만약에 `--bind 0.0.0.0:80` (구니콘 옵션) 대신 유비콘을 직접 실행하고 싶다면 `--host 0.0.0.0`과 `--port 80`을 사용해야 합니다.

출력에서 각 프로세스에 대한 **PID** (process ID)를 확인할 수 있습니다. (단순한 숫자입니다)

출력 내용:

* 구니콘 **프로세스 매니저**는 PID `19499`로 실행됩니다. (직접 실행할 경우 숫자가 다를 수 있습니다)

默认情况下，它将监听 IP 地址 `127.0.0.1`，这是你的机器与自身通信的 IP 地址（`localhost`）。

## `fastapi run`

当你运行 `fastapi run` 时，它默认以生产环境模式运行。

默认情况下，**自动重载是禁用的**。

它将监听 IP 地址 `0.0.0.0`，即所有可用的 IP 地址，这样任何能够与该机器通信的人都可以公开访问它。这通常是你在生产环境中运行它的方式，例如在容器中运行。

在大多数情况下，你会（且应该）有一个“终止代理”在上层为你处理 HTTPS，这取决于你如何部署应用程序，你的服务提供商可能会为你处理此事，或者你可能需要自己设置。

/// tip | "提示"

Dans ce cas, votre `Dockerfile` pourrait ressembler à ceci :

```Dockerfile
FROM python:3.7

RUN pip install fastapi uvicorn

EXPOSE 80

COPY ./app /app

CMD ["uvicorn", "app.main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "80"]
```

## Créer le code **FastAPI**.

* Créer un répertoire `app` et y entrer.
* Créez un fichier `main.py` avec :

```Python
from typing import Optional

from fastapi import FastAPI

## `fastapi run`

Executing `fastapi run` starts FastAPI in production mode by default.

By default, **auto-reload** is disabled. It also listens on the IP address `0.0.0.0`, which means all the available IP addresses, this way it will be publicly accessible to anyone that can communicate with the machine. This is how you would normally run it in production, for example, in a container.

// by dots suppressing leading zeros for IPv4 and the representation defined by RFC 5952 for IPv6.
// Valid: 192.168.1.5 or 2001:db8::1 or 2001:db8:aaaa:bbbb:cccc:dddd:eeee:1
// Invalid: 10.01.2.3 or 2001:db8:0:0:0::1
message IPAddress {
  // Standard object's metadata.
  // More info: https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/sig-architecture/api-conventions.md#metadata
  // +optional