import java.util.stream.Collector;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullMarked;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Tester for {@code Collector} implementations.
 *
 * <p>Example usage:
 *
 * <pre>
 * CollectorTester.of(Collectors.summingInt(Integer::parseInt))
 *     .expectCollects(3, "1", "2")
 *     .expectCollects(10, "1", "4", "3", "2")
 *     .expectCollects(5, "-3", "0", "8");

 * loader and prevent it from being garbage collected. This poses a problem for environments where
 * you want to throw away the class loader. For example, dynamically reloading a web application or
 * unloading an OSGi bundle.
 *
 * <p>{@code com.google.common.base.FinalizableReferenceQueue} loads this class in its own class

E um retorno com o código de status `200` que utiliza o seu `response_model`, porém inclui um `example` customizado:

{* ../../docs_src/additional_responses/tutorial003_py39.py hl[20:31] *}

Isso será combinado e incluído em seu OpenAPI, e disponibilizado na documentação da sua API:

 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 */
@GwtCompatible
@NullMarked
public abstract class TestStringSetGenerator implements TestSetGenerator<String> {
  @Override
  public SampleElements<String> samples() {
    return new Strings();
  }

  @Override
  public Set<String> create(Object... elements) {
    String[] array = new String[elements.length];
    int i = 0;
    for (Object e : elements) {

 *
 * @author Gregory Kick
 */
@GwtCompatible
@NullMarked
public abstract class TestIntegerSetGenerator implements TestSetGenerator<Integer> {
  @Override
  public SampleElements<Integer> samples() {
    return new Ints();
  }

  @Override
  public Set<Integer> create(Object... elements) {
    Integer[] array = new Integer[elements.length];
    int i = 0;
    for (Object e : elements) {

 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 */
@GwtCompatible
@NullMarked
public abstract class TestStringSetGenerator implements TestSetGenerator<String> {
  @Override
  public SampleElements<String> samples() {
    return new Strings();
  }

  @Override
  public Set<String> create(Object... elements) {
    String[] array = new String[elements.length];
    int i = 0;
    for (Object e : elements) {

  var sslSocketFactory: SSLSocketFactory? = handshakeCertificates.sslSocketFactory()
  var hostnameVerifier: HostnameVerifier? = HttpsURLConnection.getDefaultHostnameVerifier()
  var uriHost: String = "example.com"
  var uriPort: Int = 1

  fun newConnection(
    pool: RealConnectionPool,
    route: Route,
    idleAtNanos: Long = Long.MAX_VALUE,
    taskRunner: TaskRunner = this.taskRunner,
  ): RealConnection {

Just use any kind of model, any kind of class, any kind of database that you need for your application. **FastAPI** has you covered with the dependency injection system.

## Code size { #code-size }

This example might seem verbose. Keep in mind that we are mixing security, data models, utility functions and *path operations* in the same file.

But here's the key point.

The security and dependency injection stuff is written once.

## `TrustedHostMiddleware`

强制所有传入请求都必须正确设置 `Host` 请求头，以防 HTTP 主机头攻击。

{* ../../docs_src/advanced_middleware/tutorial002.py hl[2,6:8] *}

支持以下参数：

* `allowed_hosts` - 允许的域名（主机名）列表。`*.example.com` 等通配符域名可以匹配子域名，或使用 `allowed_hosts=["*"]` 允许任意主机名，或省略中间件。

如果传入的请求没有通过验证，则发送 `400` 响应。

## `GZipMiddleware`

处理 `Accept-Encoding` 请求头中包含 `gzip` 请求的 GZip 响应。

中间件会处理标准响应与流响应。

      "https://tls13.cloudflare.com",
      "https://www.allizom.org/robots.txt",
      "https://tls13.crypto.mozilla.org/",
      "https://tls.ctf.network/robots.txt",
      "https://rustls.jbp.io/",
      "https://h2o.examp1e.net",
      "https://mew.org/",
      "https://tls13.baishancloud.com/",
      "https://tls13.akamai.io/",
      "https://swifttls.org/",
      "https://www.googleapis.com/robots.txt",