* Однако, у этой проблемы есть **решение**.
* Существует **расширение** протокола **TLS** (который работает на уровне TCP, то есть до HTTP) называемое **<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Name_Indication" class="external-link" target="_blank"><abbr title="Указание имени сервера">SNI</abbr></a>**.

For example, it doesn't receive `datetime` objects, as those are not compatible with JSON.

So, a `datetime` object would have to be converted to a `str` containing the data in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601" class="external-link" target="_blank">ISO format</a>.

The same way, this database wouldn't receive a Pydantic model (an object with attributes), only a `dict`.

You can use `jsonable_encoder` for that.

👆 💪 ✍ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown" class="external-link" target="_blank">✍</a> #️⃣ , ⚫️ 🔜 🔬 &amp; 🖥 ☑ (✊ 🔘 🏧 #️⃣ 📐).

//// tab | 🐍 3️⃣.6️⃣ &amp; 🔛

```Python hl_lines="19-27"

## 사용자 정의 `Response` 반환하기
위 예제는 필요한 모든 부분을 보여주지만, 아직 유용하지는 않습니다. 사실 데이터를 직접 반환하면 **FastAPI**가 이를 `JSONResponse`에 넣고 `dict`로 변환하는 등 모든 작업을 자동으로 처리합니다.

이제, 사용자 정의 응답을 반환하는 방법을 알아보겠습니다.

예를 들어 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML" class="external-link" target="_blank">XML</a> 응답을 반환하고 싶다고 가정해보겠습니다.

XML 내용을 문자열에 넣고, 이를 `Response`에 넣어 반환할 수 있습니다:

```Python hl_lines="1 18"
{!../../docs_src/response_directly/tutorial002.py!}
```

## 참고 사항

///

## 返回自定义 `Response`

上面的例子展示了需要的所有部分，但还不够实用，因为你本可以只是直接返回 `item`，而**FastAPI** 默认帮你把这个 `item` 放到 `JSONResponse` 中，又默认将其转换成了 `dict`等等。

现在，让我们看看你如何才能返回一个自定义的响应。

假设你想要返回一个 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML" class="external-link" target="_blank">XML</a> 响应。

你可以把你的 XML 内容放到一个字符串中，放到一个 `Response` 中，然后返回。

```Python hl_lines="1  18"
{!../../docs_src/response_directly/tutorial002.py!}
```

## 说明

🖼 🔛 🎦 🌐 🍕 👆 💪, ✋️ ⚫️ 🚫 📶 ⚠, 👆 💪 ✔️ 📨 `item` 🔗, & **FastAPI** 🔜 🚮 ⚫️ `JSONResponse` 👆, 🏭 ⚫️ `dict`, ♒️. 🌐 👈 🔢.

🔜, ➡️ 👀 ❔ 👆 💪 ⚙️ 👈 📨 🛃 📨.

➡️ 💬 👈 👆 💚 📨 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML" class="external-link" target="_blank">📂</a> 📨.

👆 💪 🚮 👆 📂 🎚 🎻, 🚮 ⚫️ `Response`, &amp; 📨 ⚫️:

```Python hl_lines="1  18"
{!../../docs_src/response_directly/tutorial002.py!}
```

## 🗒

import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;

/**
 * Helper functions that can operate on any {@code Object}.
 *
 * <p>See the Guava User Guide on <a
 * href="https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/CommonObjectUtilitiesExplained">writing {@code Object}
 * methods with {@code Objects}</a>.
 *
 * @author Laurence Gonsalves
 * @since 2.0
 */
@GwtCompatible
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault

 * service. Subclasses should override one or more methods to modify the behavior of the backing
 * executor service as desired per the <a
 * href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decorator_pattern">decorator pattern</a>.
 *
 * <p><b>{@code default} method warning:</b> This class does <i>not</i> forward calls to {@code

import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;

/**
 * An iterator that supports a one-element lookahead while iterating.
 *
 * <p>See the Guava User Guide article on <a href=
 * "https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/CollectionHelpersExplained#peekingiterator">{@code
 * PeekingIterator}</a>.
 *
 * @author Mick Killianey
 * @since 2.0
 */
@DoNotMock("Use Iterators.peekingIterator")
@GwtCompatible
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault

/**
 * A concurrent map which forwards all its method calls to another concurrent map. Subclasses should
 * override one or more methods to modify the behavior of the backing map as desired per the <a
 * href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decorator_pattern">decorator pattern</a>.
 *
 * <p><b>{@code default} method warning:</b> This class forwards calls to <i>only some</i> {@code
 * default} methods. Specifically, it forwards calls only for methods that existed <a