```

이 경우 `myapp.py` 내부의 자동 변수에는 값이 `"__main__"`인 변수 `__name__`이 없습니다.

따라서 다음 행

```Python
    uvicorn.run(app, host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)
```

은 실행되지 않습니다.

/// info | "정보"

자세한 내용은 <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/__main__.html" class="external-link" target="_blank">공식 Python 문서</a>를 확인하세요

///

## 디버거로 코드 실행

코드에서 직접 Uvicorn 서버를 실행하고 있기 때문에 디버거에서 직접 Python 프로그램(FastAPI 애플리케이션)을 호출할 수 있습니다.

### Confira a documentação

Agora você pode iniciar a sua aplicação e ir até <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs</a>.

Você verá que a sua documentação possui as *operações de rota* normais e agora também possui alguns **webhooks**:

Agora, vamos ver como você pode usar isso para retornar uma resposta personalizada.

Vamos dizer quer retornar uma resposta <a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML" class="external-link" target="_blank">XML</a>.

Você pode colocar o seu conteúdo XML em uma string, colocar em uma `Response`, e retorná-lo:

```Python hl_lines="1  18"

 * List} of values. Though the method signature doesn't say so explicitly, the map returned by
 * {@link #asMap} has {@code List} values.
 *
 * <p>See the Guava User Guide article on <a href=
 * "https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/NewCollectionTypesExplained#multimap">{@code Multimap}</a>.
 *
 * @author Jared Levy
 * @since 2.0
 */
@GwtCompatible
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault

/**
 * A deque which forwards all its method calls to another deque. Subclasses should override one or
 * more methods to modify the behavior of the backing deque as desired per the <a
 * href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decorator_pattern">decorator pattern</a>.
 *
 * <p><b>Warning:</b> The methods of {@code ForwardingDeque} forward <b>indiscriminately</b> to the

 *
 * <p>The {@link Predicates} class provides common predicates and related utilities.
 *
 * <p>See the Guava User Guide article on <a
 * href="https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/FunctionalExplained">the use of {@code Predicate}</a>.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 * @since 2.0
 */
@FunctionalInterface
@GwtCompatible
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault

/**
 * An executor service which forwards all its method calls to another executor service. Subclasses
 * should override one or more methods to modify the behavior of the backing executor service as
 * desired per the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decorator_pattern">decorator pattern</a>.
 *
 * <p><b>{@code default} method warning:</b> This class does <i>not</i> forward calls to {@code

}
```

/// info

FastAPI 通过 Pydantic 模型的 `.dict()` 配合 <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/serialization/#modeldict" class="external-link" target="_blank">该方法的 `exclude_unset` 参数</a> 来实现此功能。

///

/// info

你还可以使用：

* `response_model_exclude_defaults=True`
* `response_model_exclude_none=True`

/// info

FastAPI uses Pydantic model's `.dict()` with <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/1.10/usage/exporting_models/#modeldict" class="external-link" target="_blank">its `exclude_unset` parameter</a> to achieve this.

///

/// info

You can also use:

* `response_model_exclude_defaults=True`
* `response_model_exclude_none=True`

Das wird in OpenAPI mit `anyOf` angezeigt.

Um das zu tun, verwenden Sie Pythons Standard-Typhinweis <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html#typing.Union" class="external-link" target="_blank">`typing.Union`</a>:

/// note | "Hinweis"