app.mount("/static", StaticFiles(directory="static"), name="static")


templates = Jinja2Templates(directory="templates")


@app.get("/items/{id}", response_class=HTMLResponse)
async def read_item(request: Request, id: str):
    return templates.TemplateResponse(
        request=request, name="item.html", context={"id": id}

Aber wenn Sie wollen, dass ein Query-Parameter erforderlich ist, vergeben Sie einfach keinen Defaultwert:

{* ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial005_py39.py hl[6:7] *}

Hier ist `needy` ein erforderlicher Query-Parameter vom Typ `str`.

Wenn Sie in Ihrem Browser eine URL wie:

```
http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/foo-item
```

... öffnen, ohne den benötigten Parameter `needy`, dann erhalten Sie einen Fehler wie den folgenden:

        return "test"


@needs_py310
def test_stringified_annotations():
    app = FastAPI()

    client = TestClient(app)

    @app.get("/test/")
    def call(test: Annotated[str, Depends(Dep())]):
        return {"test": test}

    response = client.get("/test")

            detail="Incorrect username or password",
            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Basic"},
        )
    return credentials.username


@app.get("/users/me")
def read_current_user(username: str = Depends(get_current_username)):

from typing import Annotated, Any

import pytest
from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, WebSocket
from fastapi.exceptions import FastAPIError
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

global_context: ContextVar[dict[str, Any]] = ContextVar("global_context", default={})  # noqa: B039


class Session:
    def __init__(self) -> None:
        self.open = True


async def dep_session() -> Any:
    s = Session()
    yield s

    with patch.object(fastapi.cli, "cli_main", None):
        with pytest.raises(RuntimeError) as exc_info:
            fastapi.cli.main()

                    buf.append("%20");
                } else {
                    final String str = String.valueOf(c);
                    if (StringUtil.isAsciiPrintable(str)) {
                        buf.append(c);
                    } else {
                        buf.append(URLEncoder.encode(str, charset));
                    }
                }
            }

## 응답 모델 인코딩 매개변수

응답 모델은 아래와 같이 기본값을 가질 수 있습니다:

{* ../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial004.py hl[11,13:14] *}

* `description: Optional[str] = None`은 기본값으로 `None`을 갖습니다.
* `tax: float = 10.5`는 기본값으로 `10.5`를 갖습니다.
* `tags: List[str] = []` 빈 리스트의 기본값으로: `[]`.

그러나 실제로 저장되지 않았을 경우 결과에서 값을 생략하고 싶을 수 있습니다.

예를 들어, NoSQL 데이터베이스에 많은 선택적 속성이 있는 모델이 있지만, 기본값으로 가득 찬 매우 긴 JSON 응답을 보내고 싶지 않습니다.

If it doesn't see an `Authorization` header, or the value doesn't have a `Bearer ` token, it will respond with a 401 status code error (`UNAUTHORIZED`) directly.

You don't even have to check if the token exists to return an error. You can be sure that if your function is executed, it will have a `str` in that token.

You can try it already in the interactive docs:

from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


fake_items_db = [{"item_name": "Foo"}, {"item_name": "Bar"}, {"item_name": "Baz"}]


class CommonQueryParams:
    def __init__(self, q: Union[str, None] = None, skip: int = 0, limit: int = 100):
        self.q = q
        self.skip = skip
        self.limit = limit


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(commons: CommonQueryParams = Depends()):