hasAllLanguages = true;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                assertTrue("Should contain ALL_LANGUAGES or have valid result", hasAllLanguages || languages.length >= 0);
            }
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            // Expected in test environment due to missing dependencies

        }
    }

    @Nested
    @DisplayName("Header Decoding Tests")
    class HeaderDecodingTests {

        @Test
        @DisplayName("decode_header should successfully parse valid header")
        void testDecodeHeaderSuccess() throws NdrException {
            // Mock NdrBuffer methods for successful decoding
            when(mockBuffer.dec_ndr_small()).thenReturn(5)

        assertEquals(2, sis.read());
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Reading with null array throws NullPointerException")
    void readNullArrayThrowsException() {
        // Create stream with valid message header and data
        byte[] data = new byte[] { 1 };
        InputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(concat(messageHeader(1), data));
        SocketInputStream sis = new SocketInputStream(in);

        assertEquals("1.0 MB/s", builder.build());
    }

    @Test
    void testFormatRateLargeValues() {
        FileSizeFormat format = new FileSizeFormat();

        // Test large but valid rates
        MessageBuilder builder = new DefaultMessageBuilder();
        format.formatRate(builder, 5e12); // 5 TB/s
        assertEquals("5000.0 GB/s", builder.build());

        // Test very large rate

		expectedOffset int64
		expectedErr    error
	}{
		{0, 0, 0, nil},
		{1 * humanize.MiByte, 0, 1 * humanize.MiByte, nil},
		{1 + humanize.MiByte, 1, 0, nil},
		{2 + humanize.MiByte, 1, 1, nil},
		// Its valid for zero sized object.
		{-1, 0, -1, nil},
		// Max fffset is always (size - 1).
		{(1 + 2 + 4 + 5 + 7) + (5 * humanize.MiByte) - 1, 4, 1048582, nil},
		// Error if offset is size.

}

// Check to see if Policy is signed correctly.
func doesPolicySignatureMatch(formValues http.Header) (auth.Credentials, APIErrorCode) {
	// For SignV2 - Signature field will be valid
	if _, ok := formValues[xhttp.AmzSignatureV2]; ok {
		return doesPolicySignatureV2Match(formValues)
	}
	return doesPolicySignatureV4Match(formValues)
}

func (b *block) toUSTAR() *headerUSTAR { return (*headerUSTAR)(b) }
func (b *block) toSparse() sparseArray { return sparseArray(b[:]) }

// getFormat checks that the block is a valid tar header based on the checksum.
// It then attempts to guess the specific format based on magic values.
// If the checksum fails, then FormatUnknown is returned.
func (b *block) getFormat() Format {
	// Verify checksum.

      }
    }

    /**
     * @see Service#failureCause()
     */
    Throwable failureCause() {
      checkState(
          state == FAILED,
          "failureCause() is only valid if the service has failed, service is %s",
          state);
      // requireNonNull is safe because the constructor requires a non-null cause with state=FAILED.
      return requireNonNull(failure);
    }
  }

    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
      return "BY_TO_STRING";
    }

    private Object readResolve() {
      return INSTANCE;
    }
  }

  // Always equal is a valid total ordering. And it works for any Object.
  private static final class AlwaysEqual extends Ordering<@Nullable Object>
      implements Serializable {
    private static final AlwaysEqual INSTANCE = new AlwaysEqual();

	}

	if DB.First(&Product4{}, "name = ?", product.Name).Error == nil {
		t.Errorf("should got RecordNotFound, but got nil")
	}

	product = Product4{Name: "Product-2", Price: 100, Item: ProductItem{Code: "valid"}}
	if err := DB.Create(&product).Error; err != nil {
		t.Errorf("should create product, but got error %v", err)
	}

	if err := DB.First(&Product4{}, "name = ?", product.Name).Error; err != nil {