///

## 多個模型 { #multiple-models }

以下是模型大致長相、與其密碼欄位以及它們被使用的位置：

{* ../../docs_src/extra_models/tutorial001_py310.py hl[7,9,14,20,22,27:28,31:33,38:39] *}

### 關於 `**user_in.model_dump()` { #about-user-in-model-dump }

#### Pydantic 的 `.model_dump()` { #pydantics-model-dump }

`user_in` 是一個 `UserIn` 類別的 Pydantic 模型。

Pydantic 模型有 `.model_dump()` 方法，會回傳包含該模型資料的 `dict`。

因此，若我們建立一個 Pydantic 物件 `user_in` 如：

Best practice is to set conventions in a plugin (2). This keeps the underlying object "dumb", so it can be reused in multiple contexts and doesn't contain any special information about how conventions are calculated or what they could be.  In the wild, we've seen some objects set conventions in the object's constructor (3), but this can lead to unexpected assumptions or coupling between plugins.

    class DoShareEnumValidation {

        static Stream<Arguments> invalidShareEnumCases() {
            return Stream.of(
                    // Missing trailing slash -> should complain about directory ending
                    Arguments.of("smb://server/share", "/share", true),
                    // Not a server root -> invalid list operation
                    Arguments.of("smb://server/share/", "/share/", false));

pkg unicode, var Newa *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Osage *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Prepended_Concatenation_Mark *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Sentence_Terminal *RangeTable

  //    the initial write (just stronger guarantees if it does).
  //
  // See: http://cs.oswego.edu/pipermail/concurrency-interest/2015-January/013800.html
  // For a (long) discussion about this specific issue and the general futility of life.
  //
  // For the time being we are OK with the problem discussed above since it requires a caller to

	// 3) Returning, with ID, stream from list.
	//
	// If we don't have a list id we must ask the server if it has a cache or create a new.
	if o.ID != "" && !o.Transient {
		// Create or ping with handout...
		rpc := globalNotificationSys.restClientFromHash(pathJoin(o.Bucket, o.Prefix))
		var c *metacache
		if rpc == nil {
			resp := localMetacacheMgr.getBucket(ctx, o.Bucket).findCache(*o)
			c = &resp
		} else {

   */
  /*
   * The new array contains nulls, even if the old array did not. If we wanted to be accurate, we
   * would declare a return type of `@Nullable T[]`. However, we've decided not to think too hard
   * about arrays for now, as they're a mess.
   */
  public static <T extends @Nullable Object> T[] newArray(T[] reference, int length) {
    T[] empty = reference.length == 0 ? reference : Arrays.copyOf(reference, 0);

`jsonable_encoder`を用いて、入力データをJSONとして保存できるデータに変換することができます（例：NoSQLデータベース）。例えば、`datetime`を`str`に変換します。

{* ../../docs_src/body_updates/tutorial001_py310.py hl[28:33] *}

`PUT`は、既存のデータを置き換えるべきデータを受け取るために使用されます。

### 置換についての注意 { #warning-about-replacing }

つまり、`PUT`を使用して以下のボディで項目`bar`を更新したい場合は:

```Python
{
    "name": "Barz",
    "price": 3,
    "description": None,
}
```

すでに格納されている属性`"tax": 20.2`を含まないため、入力モデルは`"tax": 10.5`のデフォルト値を取ります。

{* ../../docs_src/behind_a_proxy/tutorial002_py310.py hl[3] *}

把 `root_path` 传给 `FastAPI` 等同于把命令行选项 `--root-path` 传给 Uvicorn 或 Hypercorn。

### 关于 `root_path` { #about-root-path }

请注意，服务器（Uvicorn）不会用这个 `root_path` 做别的事情，只会把它传给应用。

但是，如果你用浏览器打开 [http://127.0.0.1:8000/app](http://127.0.0.1:8000/app)，你会看到正常的响应：

```JSON
{
    "message": "Hello World",

			output = output[1:]
			continue
		}
		t.Errorf("unexpected output: %q", output[0])
		output = output[1:]
	}

	// Checked printing.
	// Now check machine code layout.

	top := pList.Firstpc
	var text *obj.LSym
	ok = true
	ctxt.DiagFunc = func(format string, args ...any) {
		t.Errorf(format, args...)
		ok = false
	}
	obj.Flushplist(ctxt, pList, nil)