Collection<Integer> values = map.values();

    ByteArrayOutputStream bytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bytes);
    oos.writeObject(map);
    oos.flush();

    int mapSize = bytes.size();
    oos.writeObject(keySet);
    oos.writeObject(values);
    oos.close();

    int finalSize = bytes.size();

    assertThat(finalSize - mapSize).isLessThan(100);
  }

     *
     * @param buffer the byte buffer containing the security descriptor data
     * @param bufferIndex the starting offset in the buffer
     * @param len the length of data to decode
     * @return the number of bytes decoded
     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs during decoding
     */
    public int decode(final byte[] buffer, int bufferIndex, final int len) throws IOException {
        final int start = bufferIndex;

{* ../../docs_src/advanced_middleware/tutorial003.py hl[2,6] *}

Die folgenden Argumente werden unterstützt:

* `minimum_size` – Antworten, die kleiner als diese Mindestgröße in Bytes sind, nicht per GZip komprimieren. Der Defaultwert ist `500`.

## Andere Middlewares

Es gibt viele andere ASGI-Middlewares.

Zum Beispiel:

                }))
        .isEqualTo(0xFFEEDDCCBBAA9988L);
  }

  public void testFromByteArrayFails() {
    assertThrows(
        IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> Longs.fromByteArray(new byte[Longs.BYTES - 1]));
  }

  public void testFromBytes() {
    assertThat(
            Longs.fromBytes(
                (byte) 0x12,
                (byte) 0x13,
                (byte) 0x14,

{* ../../docs_src/advanced_middleware/tutorial003.py hl[2,6] *}

The following arguments are supported:

* `minimum_size` - Do not GZip responses that are smaller than this minimum size in bytes. Defaults to `500`.

# Separación de Esquemas OpenAPI para Entrada y Salida o No

Al usar **Pydantic v2**, el OpenAPI generado es un poco más exacto y **correcto** que antes. 😎

De hecho, en algunos casos, incluso tendrá **dos JSON Schemas** en OpenAPI para el mismo modelo Pydantic, para entrada y salida, dependiendo de si tienen **valores por defecto**.

Veamos cómo funciona eso y cómo cambiarlo si necesitas hacerlo.

## Modelos Pydantic para Entrada y Salida

//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
// along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package cmd

import (
	"bytes"
	"io"
	"os"
	"reflect"
	"sync"
	"testing"
)

      val inetAddress = socket.localAddress

      var hostname = inetAddress.hostName
      if (inetAddress is Inet6Address && hostname.contains(':')) {
        // hostname is likely some form representing the IPv6 bytes
        // 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334
        // 2001:db8:85a3::8a2e:370:7334
        // ::1
        hostname = "[$hostname]"
      }

      val localPort = socket.localPort

    @Throws(IOException::class)
    private fun BufferedSource.readData(data: Buffer) {
      data.writeByte('\n'.code)
      readFully(data, indexOfElement(CRLF))
      select(options) // Skip the newline bytes.
    }

    @Throws(IOException::class)
    private fun BufferedSource.readRetryMs(): Long {
      val retryString = readUtf8LineStrict()
      return retryString.toLongOrDefault(-1L)
    }
  }

{* ../../docs_src/templates/tutorial001.py hl[4,11,15:18] *}

/// note

Antes do FastAPI 0.108.0, Starlette 0.29.0, `name` era o primeiro parâmetro.

Além disso, em versões anteriores, o objeto `request` era passado como parte dos pares chave-valor no "context" dict para o Jinja2.

///