} else if (exception instanceof NullPointerException) {
            // Empty input causes null ASN1 object, which is expected behavior
            assertTrue(exception.getMessage() == null || exception.getMessage().contains("Cannot invoke \"Object.getClass()\""),
                    "NullPointerException should be from null ASN1 object.");
        }
    }

    /**

        if (featureSetName != null) {
            builder.field(FEATURESET_NAME.getPreferredName(), featureSetName);
        }
        if (storeName != null) {
            builder.field(STORE_NAME.getPreferredName(), storeName);
        }
        if (this.params != null && !this.params.isEmpty()) {
            builder.field(PARAMS.getPreferredName(), this.params);
        }
        if (activeFeatures != null && !activeFeatures.isEmpty()) {

        final DerivationParameters param = new KDFCounterParameters(sessionKey, null /* prefix */, suffix /* suffix */, r /* r */);
        gen.init(param);

        final byte[] derived = new byte[16];
        gen.generateBytes(derived, 0, 16);
        return derived;
    }

    /**
     * @param string
     * @return null terminated ASCII bytes
     */
    private static byte[] toCBytes(final String string) {

        final String msg = request.getHeader("Authorization");
        if (msg != null && (msg.startsWith("NTLM ") || offerBasic && msg.startsWith("Basic "))) {
            if (loadBalance) {
                dc = new UniAddress(NbtAddress.getByName(domainController, 0x1C, null));
            } else {
                dc = UniAddress.getByName(domainController, true);
            }

     * @return the normalized content, or empty string if content is null
     */
    public String getContent(final CrawlingConfig crawlingConfig, final ResponseData responseData, final String content,
            final Map<String, Object> dataMap) {
        if (content == null) {
            return StringUtil.EMPTY; // empty
        }

        if (crawlingConfig != null) {

            builder.field(STATUS, status);
        }
        if (httpStatusCode != null) {
            builder.field(HTTP_STATUS_CODE, httpStatusCode);
        }
        if (method != null) {
            builder.field(METHOD, method);
        }
        if (mimeType != null) {
            builder.field(MIME_TYPE, mimeType);
        }
        if (createTime != null) {
            builder.field(CREATE_TIME, createTime);

        ElevateWord elevateWord2 =
                new ElevateWord("hoge", 2.0f, Collections.singletonList("hoge"), Collections.singletonList("content"), null, null);
        ElevateWord elevateWord3 =
                new ElevateWord("fuga", 2.0f, Collections.singletonList("fuga"), Collections.singletonList("content"), null, null);

    void constructor_shouldHandleNullServerSuccessfully() throws IOException {
        // Arrange
        String server = null;
        int access = 123;

        doAnswer(invocation -> {
            MsrpcLsarOpenPolicy2 rpc = invocation.getArgument(0);
            rpc.retval = 0; // Simulate success
            return null;
        }).when(mockDcerpcHandle).sendrecv(any(MsrpcLsarOpenPolicy2.class));

        // Act

        // Test constructor with null message
        ThumbnailGenerationException exception = new ThumbnailGenerationException(null);

        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    public void test_constructorWithNullMessageAndCause() {
        // Test constructor with null message and null cause

    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("accept: rejects null input with meaningful NullPointerException")
    void accept_rejectsNullInput() {
        // Arrange: defensive filter that validates input
        SmbFileFilter filter = f -> {
            if (f == null) {
                throw new NullPointerException("file must not be null");
            }
            return true; // not reached in this test
        };