(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {\n  .btn {\n    transition: none;\n  }\n}\n\n.btn:hover {\n  color: #212529;\n  text-decoration: none;\n}\n\n.btn:focus, .btn.focus {\n  outline: 0;\n  box-shadow: none;\n}\n\n.btn.disabled, .btn:disabled {\n  opacity: 0.65;\n  box-shadow: none;\n}\n\n.btn:not(:disabled):not(.disabled) {\n  cursor: pointer;\n}\n\n.btn:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active, .btn:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active {\n  box-shadow: none;\n}\n\na.btn.disabled,\nfieldset:disabled a.btn {\n  pointer-events:...

👯‍♂️ 💼 👉 ⛓ 👈 `item` 💪 `int` ⚖️ `str`.

#### 🎲 `None`

👆 💪 📣 👈 💲 💪 ✔️ 🆎, 💖 `str`, ✋️ 👈 ⚫️ 💪 `None`.

🐍 3️⃣.6️⃣ & 🔛 (✅ 🐍 3️⃣.1️⃣0️⃣) 👆 💪 📣 ⚫️ 🏭 & ⚙️ `Optional` ⚪️➡️ `typing` 🕹.

```Python hl_lines="1  4"
{!../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009.py!}
```

⚙️ `Optional[str]` ↩️ `str` 🔜 ➡️ 👨‍🎨 ℹ 👆 🔍 ❌ 🌐❔ 👆 💪 🤔 👈 💲 🕧 `str`, 🕐❔ ⚫️ 💪 🤙 `None` 💁‍♂️.

    }

    @Override
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
        currentSsoType = Constants.NONE;
        super.tearDown();
    }

    // Test available() method
    public void test_available_withNoneSsoType() {
        currentSsoType = Constants.NONE;
        assertFalse(ssoManager.available());
    }

    public void test_available_withValidSsoType() {

👉 💼, 👆 💪 ❎ 📨 🏷 ⚡ ⚒ `response_model=None`:

{* ../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial003_05.py hl[9] *}

👉 🔜 ⚒ FastAPI 🚶 📨 🏷 ⚡ & 👈 🌌 👆 💪 ✔️ 🙆 📨 🆎 ✍ 👆 💪 🍵 ⚫️ 🤕 👆 FastAPI 🈸. 👶

## 📨 🏷 🔢 🔢

👆 📨 🏷 💪 ✔️ 🔢 💲, 💖:

{* ../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial004.py hl[11,13:14] *}

* `description: Union[str, None] = None` (⚖️ `str | None = None` 🐍 3️⃣.1️⃣0️⃣) ✔️ 🔢 `None`.

    * Вы можете задать его URL с помощью параметра `docs_url`.
    * Вы можете отключить это с помощью настройки `docs_url=None`.
* **ReDoc**: отображаемый по адресу `/redoc`.
    * Вы можете задать его URL с помощью параметра `redoc_url`.
    * Вы можете отключить это с помощью настройки `redoc_url=None`.

К примеру, чтобы задать отображение Swagger UI по адресу `/documentation` и отключить ReDoc:

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    price: float
    is_offer: Union[bool, None] = None


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):

`Optional[Something]` é na verdade um atalho para `Union[Something, None]`, eles são equivalentes.

Isso também significa que no Python 3.10, você pode utilizar `Something | None`:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="1"
{!> ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009_py310.py!}
```

public interface Location {

    /**
     * Return the line number where the current event ends,
     * returns -1 if none is available.
     * @return the current line number
     */
    int getLineNumber();

    /**
     * Return the column number where the current event ends,
     * returns -1 if none is available.
     * @return the current column number
     */
    int getColumnNumber();

    /**

Linux-like paths MSYS uses, for example, Docker.
"""

import argparse
import os


def should_convert(var_name: str,
                   blacklist: list[str] | None,
                   whitelist_prefix: list[str] | None):
  """Check the variable name against white/black lists."""
  if blacklist and var_name in blacklist:
    return False
  if not whitelist_prefix:
    return True

<img src="/img/tutorial/response-model/image02.png">

## 응답 모델 인코딩 매개변수

응답 모델은 아래와 같이 기본값을 가질 수 있습니다:

{* ../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial004.py hl[11,13:14] *}

* `description: Optional[str] = None`은 기본값으로 `None`을 갖습니다.
* `tax: float = 10.5`는 기본값으로 `10.5`를 갖습니다.
* `tags: List[str] = []` 빈 리스트의 기본값으로: `[]`.

그러나 실제로 저장되지 않았을 경우 결과에서 값을 생략하고 싶을 수 있습니다.