* entries may be counted in {@link Cache#size}, but will never be visible to read or write
 * operations.
 *
 * <p>Certain cache configurations will result in the accrual of periodic maintenance tasks which
 * will be performed during write operations, or during occasional read operations in the absence of
 * writes. The {@link Cache#cleanUp} method of the returned cache will also perform maintenance, but

    checkNotNull(iterable);
    Iterators.checkNonnegative(position);
    if (iterable instanceof List) {
      List<? extends T> list = Lists.cast(iterable);
      return (position < list.size()) ? list.get(position) : defaultValue;
    } else {
      Iterator<? extends T> iterator = iterable.iterator();
      Iterators.advance(iterator, position);
      return Iterators.getNext(iterator, defaultValue);
    }
  }

   *     value.)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  @CheckForNull
  V forcePut(@ParametricNullness K key, @ParametricNullness V value);

  // Bulk Operations

  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   *
   * <p><b>Warning:</b> the results of calling this method may vary depending on the iteration order
   * of {@code map}.
   *
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if an attempt to {@code put} any entry fails. Note that some

  public void testForEachKnownOrder() {
    List<E> elements = new ArrayList<>();
    collection.forEach(elements::add);
    List<E> expected = Helpers.copyToList(getOrderedElements());
    assertEquals("Different ordered iteration", expected, elements);
  }

/**
 * CompactLinkedHashSet is an implementation of a Set, which a predictable iteration order that
 * matches the insertion order. All optional operations (adding and removing) are supported. All
 * elements, including {@code null}, are permitted.
 *
 * <p>{@code contains(x)}, {@code add(x)} and {@code remove(x)}, are all (expected and amortized)
 * constant time operations. Expected in the hashtable sense (depends on the hash function doing a

 * amortized since some operations can trigger a hash table resize.
 *
 * <p>Unlike {@code java.util.HashSet}, iteration is only proportional to the actual {@code size()},
 * which is optimal, and <i>not</i> the size of the internal hashtable, which could be much larger
 * than {@code size()}. Furthermore, this structure only depends on a fixed number of arrays; {@code

                return endOfData();
              } else if (entry.getUpperBound().compareTo(subRange.lowerBound) > 0) {
                // this might not be true e.g. at the start of the iteration
                return immutableEntry(entry.getKey().intersection(subRange), entry.getValue());
              }
            }
            return endOfData();
          }
        };
      }

   * `ConcurrentModificationException`, but if new entries are added while iterating, those new
   * entries will not be returned by the iterator. If existing entries are removed during iteration,
   * they will be absent (unless they were already returned).
   *
   * If there are I/O problems during iteration, this iterator fails silently. For example, if the

# GraphQL

As **FastAPI** is based on the **ASGI** standard, it's very easy to integrate any **GraphQL** library also compatible with ASGI.

You can combine normal FastAPI *path operations* with GraphQL on the same application.

/// tip

**GraphQL** solves some very specific use cases.

It has **advantages** and **disadvantages** when compared to common **web APIs**.

            if (graph.isDirected()) {
              return Iterators.unmodifiableIterator(
                  Iterators.concat(
                      Iterators.transform(
                          graph.predecessors(node).iterator(),
                          (N predecessor) -> EndpointPair.ordered(predecessor, node)),
                      Iterators.transform(