}

    // Verifies that toString() formats bytes as lower-case hex with zero-padding
    @ParameterizedTest(name = "toString renders hex for {0}")
    @MethodSource("hexCases")
    @DisplayName("toString() renders lower-case hex with zero-padding")
    void toString_rendersHex(byte[] input, String expected) {
        // Arrange
        SecurityBlob blob = new SecurityBlob(input);

     * @param offset
     *            The starting offset at which the SMB header begins.
     * @param length
     *            The length of the data to verify
     * @param extraPad
     *            extra padding to include in signature
     * @param msg
     *            The message to verify
     * @return whether verification was unsuccessful
     */

        SMBUtil.writeInt4(this.nameBytes.length, dst, dstIndex);
        dstIndex += 4;

        dst[dstIndex] = (byte) (this.timeoutSpecified ? 0x1 : 0x0);
        dstIndex++;
        dstIndex++; // Padding

        System.arraycopy(this.nameBytes, 0, dst, dstIndex, this.nameBytes.length);
        dstIndex += this.nameBytes.length;

        return dstIndex - start;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     *

    public void testEncoding() {
        byte[] buffer = new byte[256];
        int encodedSize = context.encode(buffer, 0);

        assertTrue(encodedSize > 8); // Minimum size: count + padding + flags + algorithms
        assertEquals(context.size(), encodedSize);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test context decoding")
    public void testDecoding() throws SMBProtocolDecodingException {

            assertEquals(18, ServerMessageBlock2.size8(15, 2));
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should calculate padding")
        void testPad8() {
            testMessage.encode(new byte[1024], 0);
            // After header is written, padding depends on position
            int headerStart = testMessage.getHeaderStart();
            assertEquals(0, headerStart); // Should start at 0
        }

 * @author David Beaumont
 * @since 15.0
 */
@GwtCompatible
@SuppressWarnings("EscapedEntity") // We do mean for the user to see "<" etc.
public abstract class UnicodeEscaper extends Escaper {
  /** The amount of padding (chars) to use when growing the escape buffer. */
  private static final int DEST_PAD = 32;

  /** Constructor for use by subclasses. */
  protected UnicodeEscaper() {}

  /**

        if (rem < 0) {
            rem = 8 + rem;
        }
        return size + 8 - rem;
    }

    /**
     * Calculates padding needed to align to 8-byte boundary from header start.
     *
     * @param dstIndex the current destination index
     * @return number of padding bytes needed
     */
    protected final int pad8(final int dstIndex) {
        final int fromHdr = dstIndex - this.headerStart;

        final char[] c = new char[size];
        toHexChars(val, c, 0, size);
        return new String(c);
    }

    /**
     * Converts a long value to a hexadecimal string representation with specified padding.
     *
     * @param val the long value to convert to hexadecimal
     * @param size the desired length of the resulting hex string (will be left-padded with zeros)

        final int exp = size();
        final int actual = getLength();
        if (exp != actual) {
            // Log the size mismatch for debugging but don't throw exception
            // This can occur due to padding alignment differences between size8() and pad8()
            if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                log.debug("Size calculation mismatch: expected {} but got {} (difference: {})", exp, actual, actual - exp);
            }

        assertEquals((byte) 0x00, getPrivateField(cmd, "maxSetupCount"));
        assertEquals(4096, getPrivateField(cmd, "maxDataCount"));
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("writeSetupWireFormat writes subCommand and padding")
    void testWriteSetup() throws Exception {
        Trans2GetDfsReferral cmd = new Trans2GetDfsReferral("foo");
        byte[] buf = new byte[2];
        int r = cmd.writeSetupWireFormat(buf, 0);