// - this change attempts to avoid stale information if the underlying
		// transport is already down.
		return "", errDiskNotFound
	}

	// This call should never be over the network, this is always
	// a cached value - caller should make sure to use this
	// function on a fresh disk or make sure to look at the error
	// from a different networked call to validate the GetDiskID()

**FastAPI** is all based on these type hints, they give it many advantages and benefits.

But even if you never use **FastAPI**, you would benefit from learning a bit about them.

/// note

If you are a Python expert, and you already know everything about type hints, skip to the next chapter.

///

	func C.GoBytes(unsafe.Pointer, C.int) []byte

As a special case, C.malloc does not call the C library malloc directly
but instead calls a Go helper function that wraps the C library malloc
but guarantees never to return nil. If C's malloc indicates out of memory,
the helper function crashes the program, like when Go itself runs out
of memory. Because C.malloc cannot fail, it has no two-result form
that returns errno.

// from future calls. isPrefix will be false when returning the last fragment
// of the line. The returned buffer is only valid until the next call to
// ReadLine. ReadLine either returns a non-nil line or it returns an error,
// never both.
//
// The text returned from ReadLine does not include the line end ("\r\n" or "\n").
// No indication or error is given if the input ends without a final line end.

<h3 id="String_types">String types</h3>

<p>
A <i>string type</i> represents the set of string values.
A string value is a (possibly empty) sequence of bytes.
The number of bytes is called the length of the string and is never negative.
Strings are immutable: once created,
it is impossible to change the contents of a string.
The predeclared string type is <code>string</code>;
it is a <a href="#Type_definitions">defined type</a>.
</p>

		}
		if v.wantErr == nil && r.Len() == 0 {
			t.Errorf("test %d, canary byte unexpectedly consumed", i)
		}
	}
}

// testNonEmptyReader wraps an io.Reader and ensures that
// Read is never called with an empty buffer.
type testNonEmptyReader struct{ io.Reader }

func (r testNonEmptyReader) Read(b []byte) (int, error) {
	if len(b) == 0 {
		return 0, errors.New("unexpected empty Read call")
	}

	if !opts.NoAuditLog {
		auditObjectErasureSet(ctx, "PutObjectPart", object, &er)
	}

	data := r.Reader
	// Validate input data size and it can never be less than zero.
	if data.Size() < -1 {
		bugLogIf(ctx, errInvalidArgument, logger.ErrorKind)
		return pi, toObjectErr(errInvalidArgument)
	}

	uploadIDPath := er.getUploadIDDir(bucket, object, uploadID)

// decryption succeeded.
//
// DecryptObjectInfo also returns whether the object is encrypted or not.
func DecryptObjectInfo(info *ObjectInfo, r *http.Request) (encrypted bool, err error) {
	// Directories are never encrypted.
	if info.IsDir {
		return false, nil
	}
	if r == nil {
		return false, errInvalidArgument
	}

	headers := r.Header

	// disallow X-Amz-Server-Side-Encryption header on HEAD and GET

	if hasBadPathComponent(object) {
		return false
	}
	if !utf8.ValidString(object) {
		return false
	}
	if strings.Contains(object, `//`) {
		return false
	}
	// This is valid for AWS S3 but it will never
	// work with file systems, we will reject here
	// to return object name invalid rather than
	// a cryptic error from the file system.
	return !strings.ContainsRune(object, 0)
}

// unescapePath is similar to unescapeGeneric but for specifically
// path unescaping.
func unescapePath(p string) (string, error) {
	return unescapeGeneric(p, url.PathUnescape)
}

// similar to unescapeGeneric but never returns any error if the unescaping
// fails, returns the input as is in such occasion, not meant to be
// used where strict validation is expected.