from fastapi.exceptions import FastAPIDeprecationWarning
from fastapi.responses import ORJSONResponse, UJSONResponse
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from pydantic import BaseModel


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    price: float


# ORJSON


def _make_orjson_app() -> FastAPI:
    with warnings.catch_warnings():
        warnings.simplefilter("ignore", FastAPIDeprecationWarning)

from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


fake_items_db = [{"item_name": "Foo"}, {"item_name": "Bar"}, {"item_name": "Baz"}]


class CommonQueryParams:
    def __init__(self, q: str | None = None, skip: int = 0, limit: int = 100):
        self.q = q
        self.skip = skip
        self.limit = limit


@app.get("/items/")

## Класи як залежності { #classes-as-dependencies_1 }

Ви могли помітити, що для створення екземпляра класу Python ви використовуєте той самий синтаксис.

Наприклад:

```Python
class Cat:
    def __init__(self, name: str):
        self.name = name


fluffy = Cat(name="Mr Fluffy")
```

У цьому випадку `fluffy` - екземпляр класу `Cat`.

А для створення `fluffy` ви «викликаєте» `Cat`.

def get_name_with_age(name: str, age: int):
    name_with_age = name + " is this old: " + age

```Python hl_lines="1"
async def needy_dependency(fresh_value: Annotated[str, Depends(get_value, use_cache=False)]):
    return {"fresh_value": fresh_value}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.10+ без Annotated

/// tip | Подсказка

Предпочтительнее использовать версию с аннотацией, если это возможно.

///

```Python hl_lines="1"
async def needy_dependency(fresh_value: str = Depends(get_value, use_cache=False)):

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI(swagger_ui_parameters={"syntaxHighlight": {"theme": "obsidian"}})


@app.get("/users/{username}")
async def read_user(username: str):

from fastapi import FastAPI, Request

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_root(item_id: str, request: Request):
    client_host = request.client.host

    }

    static String unescape(String str) throws NumberFormatException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
        char ch;
        int i, j, state, len;
        char[] out;
        byte[] b = new byte[1];

        if (str == null) {
            return null;
        }

        len = str.length();
        out = new char[len];
        state = 0;

특정값을 추가하지 않고 선택적으로 만들기 위해선 기본값을 `None`으로 설정하면 됩니다.

그러나 쿼리 매개변수를 필수로 만들려면 단순히 기본값을 선언하지 않으면 됩니다:

{* ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial005_py310.py hl[6:7] *}

여기 쿼리 매개변수 `needy`는 `str`형인 필수 쿼리 매개변수입니다.

브라우저에서 아래와 같은 URL을 연다면:

```
http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/foo-item
```

...필수 매개변수 `needy`를 넣지 않았기 때문에 아래와 같은 오류를 보게 됩니다:

```JSON
{
  "detail": [
    {

from typing import Annotated

from fastapi import FastAPI, Query

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(q: Annotated[list[str] | None, Query()] = None):
    query_items = {"q": q}