"axisLabel": "",
            "axisPlacement": "auto",
            "barAlignment": 0,
            "drawStyle": "line",
            "fillOpacity": 10,
            "gradientMode": "none",
            "hideFrom": {
              "legend": false,
              "tooltip": false,
              "viz": false
            },
            "insertNulls": false,
            "lineInterpolation": "linear",

    name: str = Field(index=True)
    age: Union[int, None] = Field(default=None, index=True)


class Hero(HeroBase, table=True):
    id: Union[int, None] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    secret_name: str


class HeroPublic(HeroBase):
    id: int


class HeroCreate(HeroBase):
    secret_name: str


class HeroUpdate(HeroBase):
    name: Union[str, None] = None
    age: Union[int, None] = None

    age: int | None = Field(default=None, index=True)


class Hero(HeroBase, table=True):
    id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    secret_name: str


class HeroPublic(HeroBase):
    id: int


class HeroCreate(HeroBase):
    secret_name: str


class HeroUpdate(HeroBase):
    name: str | None = None
    age: int | None = None
    secret_name: str | None = None

```Python
q: Union[str, None] = None
```

И для Python 3.10 и выше:

```Python
q: str | None = Query(default=None)
```

...делает параметр необязательным со значением по умолчанию `None`, также как это делает:

```Python
q: str | None = None
```

Но он явно объявляет его как query-параметр.

/// info | "Дополнительная информация"

  // considered while scaling up or scaling down.
  // StabilizationWindowSeconds must be greater than or equal to zero and less than or equal to 3600 (one hour).
  // If not set, use the default values:
  // - For scale up: 0 (i.e. no stabilization is done).
  // - For scale down: 300 (i.e. the stabilization window is 300 seconds long).
  // +optional
  optional int32 stabilizationWindowSeconds = 3;

```

Und in Python 3.10 und darüber macht:

```Python
q: str | None = Query(default=None)
```

... den Parameter optional, mit dem Defaultwert `None`, genauso wie:

```Python
q: str | None = None
```

Nur, dass die `Query`-Versionen den Parameter explizit als Query-Parameter deklarieren.

/// info

Bedenken Sie, dass:

```Python
= None
```

oder:

class Item(BaseModel):
    name: Union[str, None] = None
    description: Union[str, None] = None
    price: Union[float, None] = None
    tax: float = 10.5
    tags: list[str] = []


items = {
    "foo": {"name": "Foo", "price": 50.2},
    "bar": {"name": "Bar", "description": "The bartenders", "price": 62, "tax": 20.2},
    "baz": {"name": "Baz", "description": None, "price": 50.2, "tax": 10.5, "tags": []},
}

  }

  public void testToArray() {
    // need explicit type parameter to avoid javac warning!?
    List<Byte> none = Arrays.<Byte>asList();
    assertThat(Bytes.toArray(none)).isEqualTo(EMPTY);

    List<Byte> one = Arrays.asList((byte) 1);
    assertThat(Bytes.toArray(one)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);

    byte[] array = {(byte) 0, (byte) 1, (byte) 0x55};

pkg context, func WithValue(Context, interface{}, interface{}) Context
pkg context, type CancelFunc func()
pkg context, type Context interface { Deadline, Done, Err, Value }
pkg context, type Context interface, Deadline() (time.Time, bool)
pkg context, type Context interface, Done() <-chan struct
pkg context, type Context interface, Err() error
pkg context, type Context interface, Value(interface{}) interface{}
pkg context, var Canceled error

    access_token: str
    token_type: str


class TokenData(BaseModel):
    username: Union[str, None] = None
    scopes: List[str] = []


class User(BaseModel):
    username: str
    email: Union[str, None] = None
    full_name: Union[str, None] = None
    disabled: Union[bool, None] = None


class UserInDB(User):
    hashed_password: str