import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * Utility class for being able to seed a {@link Random} value with a passed in seed from a
 * benchmark parameter.
 *
 * <p>TODO: Remove this class once Caliper has a better way.
 *
 * @author Nicholaus Shupe
 */
@NullUnmarked
public final class SpecialRandom extends Random {
  public static SpecialRandom valueOf(String s) {

The latest version of FastAPI is supported.

You are encouraged to [write tests](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/testing/) for your application and update your FastAPI version frequently after ensuring that your tests are passing. This way you will benefit from the latest features, bug fixes, and **security fixes**.

You can learn more about [FastAPI versions and how to pin and upgrade them](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/deployment/versions/) for your project in the docs.

If something seems interesting and useful to your project, go ahead and check it, but otherwise, you might probably just skip them.

/// tip

If you want to **learn FastAPI** in a structured way (recommended), go and read the [Tutorial - User Guide](../tutorial/index.md){.internal-link target=_blank} chapter by chapter instead.

This will make `tags` be a list, although it doesn't declare the type of the elements of the list.

## List fields with type parameter { #list-fields-with-type-parameter }

But Python has a specific way to declare lists with internal types, or "type parameters":

### Import typing's `List` { #import-typings-list }

In Python 3.9 and above you can use the standard `list` to declare these type annotations as we'll see below. 💡

DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

trap 'rm -rf "${GRADLE_TEMP}"' EXIT

# The Gradle tests need the pom.xml only to read its version number.
# (And the file needs to be two directory levels up from the Gradle build file.)
# TODO(cpovirk): Find a better way to give them that information.
cp pom.xml "${GRADLE_TEMP}"

for version in 5.6.4 7.0.2; do
  # Enter a subshell so that we return to the current directory afterward.
  (

So, a `datetime` object would have to be converted to a `str` containing the data in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601" class="external-link" target="_blank">ISO format</a>.

The same way, this database wouldn't receive a Pydantic model (an object with attributes), only a `dict`.

You can use `jsonable_encoder` for that.

It receives an object, like a Pydantic model, and returns a JSON compatible version:

for the Android flavor.

[Snapshot API Javadoc][guava-snapshot-api-docs] as well as
[Snapshot API Diffs][guava-snapshot-api-diffs] are also available.

Another easy way to get to the Javadoc is to open
[guava.dev/api](https://guava.dev/api). You can also jump right to a specific
class by appending the class name to guava.dev. For example,
[guava.dev/ImmutableList](https://guava.dev/ImmutableList)!

# Path Parameters and Numeric Validations { #path-parameters-and-numeric-validations }

In the same way that you can declare more validations and metadata for query parameters with `Query`, you can declare the same type of validations and metadata for path parameters with `Path`.

## Import Path { #import-path }

First, import `Path` from `fastapi`, and import `Annotated`:

{* ../../docs_src/path_params_numeric_validations/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[1,3] *}

DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.