JetBrains [is working on][kotlin_sams] SAM conversions of Kotlin interfaces. Expect it in a future
release of the Kotlin language.


Companion Imports
-----------------

The equivalent of static methods in Java is companion object functions in Kotlin. The bytecode is
the same but `.kt` files now need `Companion` in the import.

This works with OkHttp 3.x:

```kotlin
import okhttp3.CipherSuite.forJavaName
```

nothing available, we need to hold that thread until either the bytes arrive, the stream is closed, or a timeout elapses. If we get bytes but there's nobody asking for them, we buffer them. We don't consider bytes as delivered for flow control until they're consumed by the application.

Consider an application streaming a video over http/2. Perhaps the user pauses the video and the application stops reading bytes from this stream. The buffer will fill up, and flow control prevents the server...

  /**
   * Waits for the {@link Service} to reach the {@linkplain State#RUNNING running state} for no more
   * than the given time.
   *
   * @param timeout the maximum time to wait
   * @param unit the time unit of the timeout argument
   * @throws TimeoutException if the service has not reached the given state within the deadline
   * @throws IllegalStateException if the service reaches a state from which it is not possible to

That also applies to callables with no parameters at all. The same as it would be for *path operation functions* with no parameters.

Then, we can change the dependency "dependable" `common_parameters` from above to the class `CommonQueryParams`:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

Most of the tests actually run against the example source files in the documentation.

This helps to make sure that:

* The documentation is up-to-date.
* The documentation examples can be run as is.
* Most of the features are covered by the documentation, ensured by test coverage.

#### Apps and docs at the same time

If you run the examples with, e.g.:

<div class="termy">

```console
$ fastapi dev tutorial001.py

* `echo "*"`: will "print" the text `*` in the terminal (the next part changes that a bit)
* `>`: anything printed to the terminal by the command to the left of `>` should not be printed but instead written to the file that goes to the right of `>`
* `.gitignore`: the name of the file where the text should be written

And `*` for Git means "everything". So, it will ignore everything in the `.venv` directory.

  /**
   * Performs a partition operation on the slice of {@code array} with elements in the range [{@code
   * from}, {@code to}]. Uses the median of {@code from}, {@code to}, and the midpoint between them
   * as a pivot. Returns the index which the slice is partitioned around, i.e. if it returns {@code
   * ret} then we know that the values with indexes in [{@code from}, {@code ret}) are less than or

We want FastAPI to keep **filtering** the data using the response model. So that even though the function returns more data, the response will only include the fields declared in the response model.

        if [ -r "$include" ]; then
            . "$include"
            break
        fi
    done
# ...otherwise, source the specified include.
elif [ -r "$FESS_INCLUDE" ]; then
    . "$FESS_INCLUDE"
fi

if [ -x "$JAVA_HOME/bin/java" ]; then
    JAVA="$JAVA_HOME/bin/java"
else
    JAVA=`which java`
fi

if [ ! -x "$JAVA" ]; then

```

/// tip

If you want to override a dependency only during some tests, you can set the override at the beginning of the test (inside the test function) and reset it at the end (at the end of the test function).