@Deprecated(since = "4.0.0")
public interface UrlNormalizer {

    /**
     * Normalizes the specified URL.
     *
     * @param url The URL to normalize, may be {@code null}.
     * @return The normalized URL or {@code null} if the input was {@code null}.
     */
    String normalize(String url);

        };
    }

    private static Integer toInteger(final String s) {
        if (StringUtil.isEmpty(s)) {
            return null;
        }
        return Integer.valueOf(DecimalFormatUtil.normalize(s));
    }

    /**
     * Converts to {@literal int}.
     *
     * @param o
     *            The object to convert
     * @return The converted {@literal int}
     */

                indexExportJob.buildFilePath(tempDir.toString(), "http://example.com/foo/../../etc/passwd", new HtmlIndexExportFormatter());
        assertNotNull(result);
        assertTrue(result.normalize().startsWith(tempDir.normalize()), "Path must stay within base directory: " + result);
    }

    @Test
    public void test_buildFilePath_dotDotStripped() {
        final Path result =

        }
    }

    private static Double toDouble(final String s) {
        if (StringUtil.isEmpty(s)) {
            return null;
        }
        return Double.valueOf(DecimalFormatUtil.normalize(s));
    }

    /**
     * Converts to {@literal double}.
     *
     * @param o
     *            The object to convert
     * @return The converted {@literal double}
     */

## About "Form Fields" { #about-form-fields }

The way HTML forms (`<form></form>`) sends the data to the server normally uses a "special" encoding for that data, it's different from JSON.

**FastAPI** will make sure to read that data from the right place instead of JSON.

/// note | Technical Details

Data from forms is normally encoded using the "media type" `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`.

* `HEAD`
* `PATCH`
* `TRACE`

In the HTTP protocol, you can communicate to each path using one (or more) of these "methods".

---

When building APIs, you normally use these specific HTTP methods to perform a specific action.

Normally you use:

* `POST`: to create data.
* `GET`: to read data.
* `PUT`: to update data.
* `DELETE`: to delete data.

## Security - HTTPS { #security-https }

In the [previous chapter about HTTPS](https.md) we learned about how HTTPS provides encryption for your API.

We also saw that HTTPS is normally provided by a component **external** to your application server, a **TLS Termination Proxy**.

        }
    }

    private static Byte toByte(final String s) {
        if (StringUtil.isEmpty(s)) {
            return null;
        }
        return Byte.valueOf(DecimalFormatUtil.normalize(s));
    }

    /**
     * Converts to {@literal byte}.
     *
     * @param o
     *            The object to convert
     * @return The converted {@literal byte}
     */

        assertFalse(dataMap.containsKey("m.overwrite"));
        assertFalse(dataMap.containsKey("n.overwrite"));

        // m and n are updated with overwrite values, p is merged normally
        assertEquals("M1", dataMap.get("m"));
        assertEquals("N1", dataMap.get("n"));
        assertEquals("P1", dataMap.get("p"));
        assertEquals(3, dataMap.size());
    }

    @Test

        // This test validates that paths which should be UNC but aren't detected due to normalization
        // still pass validation (which is the current behavior, though not ideal)

        // These paths normalize to \server\share which is NOT detected as UNC due to normalization
        String normalizedPath = noUncValidator.validatePath("\\\\\\\\server\\\\\\\\share");
        assertEquals("\\server\\share", normalizedPath);