val tag: Long,
  /** Encode and decode the value once tags are handled. */
  private val codec: Codec<T>,
  /** True if the default value should be used if this value is absent during decoding. */
  val isOptional: Boolean = false,
  /** The value to return if this value is absent. Undefined unless this is optional. */
  val defaultValue: T? = null,

        byte[] buffer1 = new byte[request.size()];
        byte[] buffer2 = new byte[request.size()];

        request.encode(buffer1, 0);
        request.encode(buffer2, 0);

        assertArrayEquals(buffer1, buffer2);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test encode with insufficient buffer throws exception")
    void testEncodeWithInsufficientBuffer() {
        ValidateNegotiateInfoRequest request =

        byte[] encoded = encodeUnicode(msg);
        assertEquals(4, encoded.length, "Encoded Unicode string should be 4 bytes");

        // Verify little-endian encoding
        assertEquals((byte) 0xA1, encoded[0], "First byte of first character");
        assertEquals((byte) 0x00, encoded[1], "Second byte of first character");
        assertEquals((byte) 0xA2, encoded[2], "First byte of second character");

		return err
	}
	if numDays <= 0 {
		return errLifecycleInvalidDays
	}
	*eDays = ExpirationDays(numDays)
	return nil
}

// MarshalXML encodes number of days to expire if it is non-zero and
// encodes empty string otherwise
func (eDays ExpirationDays) MarshalXML(e *xml.Encoder, startElement xml.StartElement) error {
	if eDays == 0 {
		return nil
	}
	return e.EncodeElement(int(eDays), startElement)
}

		return errTransitionDateNotMidnight
	}

	*tDate = TransitionDate{trnDate}
	return nil
}

// MarshalXML encodes expiration date if it is non-zero and encodes
// empty string otherwise
func (tDate TransitionDate) MarshalXML(e *xml.Encoder, startElement xml.StartElement) error {
	if tDate.IsZero() {
		return nil
	}
	return e.EncodeElement(tDate.Format(time.RFC3339), startElement)
}

            }, errorHook);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Encodes permission strings into an array.
     *
     * @param permissionsText the permissions text (newline-separated)
     * @return encoded permission array
     */
    protected static String[] encodePermissions(final String permissionsText) {

    assertThat(encoding.encode(decoded.getBytes(UTF_8), offset, len)).isEqualTo(encoded);
  }

  private static void testDecodes(BaseEncoding encoding, String encoded, String decoded) {
    assertThat(encoding.canDecode(encoded)).isTrue();
    assertThat(encoding.decode(encoded)).isEqualTo(decoded.getBytes(UTF_8));
  }

  private static void testDecodesByBytes(BaseEncoding encoding, String encoded, byte[] decoded) {

        final int i = index - start;
        final int n = (i + m & ~m) - i;
        advance(n);
        return n;
    }

    /**
     * Encodes a small integer (1 byte) in NDR format.
     *
     * @param s the small integer value to encode
     */
    public void enc_ndr_small(final int s) {
        buf[index] = (byte) (s & 0xFF);
        advance(1);
    }

    /**

			t.Fatalf("Test %d: failed to create erasure: %v", i, err)
		}
		encoded, err := erasure.EncodeData(t.Context(), buffer)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatalf("Test %d: failed to encode data: %v", i, err)
		}

		for j := range encoded[:test.missingData] {
			encoded[j] = nil
		}
		for j := test.dataBlocks; j < test.dataBlocks+test.missingParity; j++ {
			encoded[j] = nil
		}

		if test.reconstructParity {

        }
    }

    /**
     * Encodes the specified value using the character encoding.
     *
     * @param value the value to encode
     * @return the encoded value
     * @throws CurlException if the encoding is unsupported
     */
    protected String encode(final String value) {
        try {
            return URLEncoder.encode(value, encoding);