new ClassSanityTester().forAllPublicStaticMethods(Functions.class).testNulls();
  }

  @J2ktIncompatible
  @GwtIncompatible // reflection
  @AndroidIncompatible // TODO(cpovirk): ClassNotFoundException: com.google.common.base.Function
  // (I suspect that this and the other similar failures happen with ArbitraryInstances proxies.)
  public void testEqualsAndSerializable() throws Exception {

        assertArgumentNotEmpty("className", className);
        try {
            return (Class<T>) Class.forName(className, true, loader);
        } catch (final ClassNotFoundException e) {
            throw new ClassNotFoundRuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns the {@link Class} object associated with the class or interface with the given string name,

            s.writeObject(e.element);
        }
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    @Override
    public void readExternal(final ObjectInput s) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        final int size = s.readInt();
        header = new Entry(null, null, null);
        header.next = header;
        header.previous = header;
        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {

    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
      return false;
    }
    try {
      // If the current environment is null, we're not inside AppEngine.
      return Class.forName("com.google.apphosting.api.ApiProxy")
              .getMethod("getCurrentEnvironment")
              .invoke(null)
          != null;
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

            Constructor<?> ctor = cls.getDeclaredConstructor(paramTypes);
            ctor.setAccessible(true);
            return ctor.newInstance(args);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException | NoSuchMethodException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException
                | InvocationTargetException e) {
            throw new AssertionError(e);
        }
    }

    private static boolean isClassAvailable(final String className) {
        try {
            Class.forName(className, false, Logger.class.getClassLoader());
            return true;
        } catch (final ClassNotFoundException e) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Constructs an instance.
     *
     * @param clazz
     *            The class to be used as the logging category.
     */

                false,
                isolatedClassLoader
            );
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Failed to load class " + name + ". Incorrect test runtime classpath?", e);
        }
    }

    private URL fileToUrl(File file) {
        try {

- **Exception wrapping** - Checked exceptions are consistently wrapped in runtime exceptions (e.g., `ClassNotFoundException` → `ClassNotFoundRuntimeException`)
- **Bean introspection** - The comprehensive `BeanDesc` system provides metadata about JavaBeans, accessed through `BeanDescFactory.getBeanDesc(Class)`

  private static boolean initAnnotatedTypeExists() {
    try {
      Class.forName("java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedType");
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
      return false;
    }
    return true;
  }

    }

    @GwtIncompatible
    @J2ktIncompatible
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // reading data stored by writeObject
    private void readObject(ObjectInputStream stream) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
      stream.defaultReadObject();
      setInverse((AbstractBiMap<V, K>) requireNonNull(stream.readObject()));
    }

    @GwtIncompatible // Not needed in the emulated source.
    @J2ktIncompatible