old_dict = {
    "old key": "old value",
    "second old key": "second old value",
}
new_dict = {**old_dict, "new key": "new value"}
```

여기서 `new_dict`는 `old_dict`의 모든 키-값 쌍에 더해 새 키-값 쌍까지 포함합니다:

```Python
{
    "old key": "old value",
    "second old key": "second old value",
    "new key": "new value",
}
```

이 기법을 사용해 *경로 처리*에서 일부 미리 정의된 응답을 재사용하고, 추가 커스텀 응답과 결합할 수 있습니다.

예를 들어:

// error can be returned.

var (
	// Fatal error for query processing.
	errNestedAggregation      = errors.New("Cannot nest aggregations")
	errFunctionNotImplemented = errors.New("Function is not yet implemented")
	errUnexpectedInvalidNode  = errors.New("Unexpected node value")
	errInvalidKeypath         = errors.New("A provided keypath is invalid")
)

// qProp contains analysis info about an SQL term.
type qProp struct {

type User struct {
	Name    string `json:"username"`
	ID      string `json:"id"`
	Enabled bool   `json:"enabled"`
}

// Standard errors.
var (
	ErrNotImplemented     = errors.New("function not implemented")
	ErrAccessTokenExpired = errors.New("access_token expired or unauthorized")
)

// Provider implements identity provider specific admin operations, such as
// looking up users, fetching additional attributes etc.

    "second old key": "second old value",
}
new_dict = {**old_dict, "new key": "new value"}
```

Ici, `new_dict` contiendra toutes les paires clé-valeur de `old_dict` plus la nouvelle paire clé-valeur :

```Python
{
    "old key": "old value",
    "second old key": "second old value",
    "new key": "new value",
}
```

    "old key": "old value",
    "second old key": "second old value",
}
new_dict = {**old_dict, "new key": "new value"}
```

Aquí, `new_dict` contendrá todos los pares clave-valor de `old_dict` más el nuevo par clave-valor:

```Python
{
    "old key": "old value",
    "second old key": "second old value",
    "new key": "new value",
}
```

    "second old key": "second old value",
}
new_dict = {**old_dict, "new key": "new value"}
```

Hier wird `new_dict` alle Schlüssel-Wert-Paare von `old_dict` plus das neue Schlüssel-Wert-Paar enthalten:

```Python
{
    "old key": "old value",
    "second old key": "second old value",
    "new key": "new value",
}
```

	ErrMalformedBucketObjectConfig = errors.New("invalid bucket object lock config")
	// ErrInvalidRetentionDate - indicates that retention date needs to be in ISO 8601 format
	ErrInvalidRetentionDate = errors.New("date must be provided in ISO 8601 format")
	// ErrPastObjectLockRetainDate - indicates that retention date must be in the future
	ErrPastObjectLockRetainDate = errors.New("the retain until date must be in the future")

	if target.sendErr {
		return errors.New("send error")
	}

	return nil
}

// SendFromStore - interface compatible method does no-op.
func (target *ExampleTarget) SendFromStore(_ store.Key) error {
	return nil
}

func (target ExampleTarget) Close() error {
	if target.closeErr {
		return errors.New("close error")
	}

	return nil
}

```Python
old_dict = {
    "old key": "old value",
    "second old key": "second old value",
}
new_dict = {**old_dict, "new key": "new value"}
```

此處，`new_dict` 會包含 `old_dict` 的所有鍵值配對，再加上新的鍵值配對：

```Python
{
    "old key": "old value",
    "second old key": "second old value",
    "new key": "new value",
}
```

你可以用這個技巧在「路徑操作」中重用一些預先定義的回應，並與其他自訂回應結合。

例如：

    val socketAddress = socketAddress_
    return when {
      closed -> "MockWebServer{closed}"
      socketAddress != null -> "MockWebServer{port=${socketAddress.port}}"
      else -> "MockWebServer{new}"
    }
  }

  /** A buffer wrapper that drops data after [bodyLimit] bytes. */
  private class TruncatingBuffer(
    private var remainingByteCount: Long,
  ) : Sink {
    val buffer = Buffer()