if q:
        message = f"found query: {q}\n"
        background_tasks.add_task(write_log, message)
    return q


@app.post("/send-notification/{email}")
async def send_notification(
    email: str, background_tasks: BackgroundTasks, q: Annotated[str, Depends(get_query)]
):
    message = f"message to {email}\n"
    background_tasks.add_task(write_log, message)

    price: float
    tax: Union[float, None] = None


class User(BaseModel):
    username: str
    full_name: Union[str, None] = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(
    *,
    item_id: int,
    item: Item,
    user: User,
    importance: int = Body(gt=0),
    q: Union[str, None] = None,
):

///

/// tip | Порада

Якщо Вам потрібно викликати `async`-функції у ваших тестах, окрім відправлення запитів до FastAPI-застосунку (наприклад, асинхронні функції роботи з базою даних), перегляньте [Асинхронні тести](../advanced/async-tests.md){.internal-link target=_blank} у розширеному керівництві.

///

## Розділення тестів

        "email": "******@****.***",
    },
    license_info={
        "name": "Apache 2.0",
        "url": "https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html",
    },
)


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items():

./mc rm -r --force myminio/versioned >/dev/null

## mirror again to create another set of version on top
./mc mirror internal myminio/versioned/ --quiet >/dev/null

expected_checksum=$(./mc cat internal/dsync/drwmutex.go | md5sum)

user_count=$(./mc admin user list myminio/ | wc -l)
policy_count=$(./mc admin policy list myminio/ | wc -l)

kill $pid

    再一次，可以把 `dataclasses` 与标准类型注解一起使用；

8. 注意，*路径操作函数*使用的是普通函数，不是异步函数；

    与往常一样，在 FastAPI 中，可以按需组合普通函数与异步函数；

    如果不清楚何时使用异步函数或普通函数，请参阅**急不可待？**一节中对 <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/async/#in-a-hurry" target="_blank" class="internal-link">`async` 与 `await`</a> 的说明；

9. *路径操作函数*返回的不是数据类（虽然它可以返回数据类），而是返回内含数据的字典列表；

    FastAPI 使用（包含数据类的） `response_model` 参数转换响应。

把 `dataclasses` 与其它类型注解组合在一起，可以组成不同形式的复杂数据结构。

更多内容详见上述代码内的注释。

It is just a standard function that can receive parameters.

It can be an `async def` or normal `def` function, **FastAPI** will know how to handle it correctly.

In this case, the task function will write to a file (simulating sending an email).

And as the write operation doesn't use `async` and `await`, we define the function with normal `def`:

{* ../../docs_src/background_tasks/tutorial001_py39.py hl[6:9] *}

É apenas uma função padrão que pode receber parâmetros.

Pode ser uma função `async def` ou um `def` normal, o **FastAPI** saberá como lidar com isso corretamente.

Neste caso, a função da tarefa escreverá em um arquivo (simulando o envio de um e-mail).

E como a operação de escrita não usa `async` e `await`, definimos a função com um `def` normal:

{* ../../docs_src/background_tasks/tutorial001_py39.py hl[6:9] *}

}


def check_valid_id(id: str):
    if not id.startswith(("isbn-", "imdb-")):
        raise ValueError('Invalid ID format, it must start with "isbn-" or "imdb-"')
    return id


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(
    id: Annotated[str | None, AfterValidator(check_valid_id)] = None,
):
    if id:
        item = data.get(id)
    else:
        id, item = random.choice(list(data.items()))

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

swagger_ui_oauth2_redirect_url = "/docs/redirect"

app = FastAPI(swagger_ui_oauth2_redirect_url=swagger_ui_oauth2_redirect_url)


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items():
    return {"id": "foo"}


client = TestClient(app)


def test_swagger_ui():
    response = client.get("/docs")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text