from typing import List, Union

import pytest
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.exceptions import FastAPIError, ResponseValidationError
from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse, Response
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from pydantic import BaseModel


class BaseUser(BaseModel):
    name: str


class User(BaseUser):
    surname: str


class DBUser(User):
    password_hash: str

I consider **FastAPI** a "spiritual successor" to APIStar, while improving and increasing the features, typing system, and other parts, based on the learnings from all these previous tools.

///

## Used by **FastAPI**

### <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic</a>

///

### Создать приложение **FastAPI**

* Создайте директорию `app` и перейдите в неё.
* Создайте пустой файл `__init__.py`.
* Создайте файл `main.py` и заполните его:

```Python
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")

### Highlights

Now you can declare `Query`, `Header`, and `Cookie` parameters with Pydantic models. 🎉

#### `Query` Parameter Models

Use Pydantic models for `Query` parameters:

```python
from typing import Annotated, Literal

from fastapi import FastAPI, Query
from pydantic import BaseModel, Field

app = FastAPI()


class FilterParams(BaseModel):
    limit: int = Field(100, gt=0, le=100)

///

### Criando o Código do **FastAPI**

* Crie um diretório `app` e entre nele.
* Crie um arquivo vazio `__init__.py`.
* Crie um arquivo `main.py` com:

```Python
from typing import Optional

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")

import asyncio
import dataclasses
import email.message
import inspect
import json
from contextlib import AsyncExitStack, asynccontextmanager
from enum import Enum, IntEnum
from typing import (
    Any,
    AsyncIterator,
    Callable,
    Coroutine,
    Dict,
    List,
    Mapping,
    Optional,
    Sequence,
    Set,
    Tuple,
    Type,
    Union,
)

from fastapi import params

还有其他文件格式和工具来定义和安装依赖项。

 我将在下面的部分中向你展示一个使用 Poetry 的示例。 👇

///

### 创建 **FastAPI** 代码

* 创建`app`目录并进入。
* 创建一个空文件`__init__.py`。
* 创建一个 `main.py` 文件：



```Python
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")

### Den **FastAPI**-Code erstellen

* Erstellen Sie ein `app`-Verzeichnis und betreten Sie es.
* Erstellen Sie eine leere Datei `__init__.py`.
* Erstellen Sie eine `main.py`-Datei mit:

```Python
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")

나중에 아래 세션에서 Poetry를 사용한 예시를 보이겠습니다. 👇

///

### **FastAPI** 코드 생성하기

* `app` 디렉터리를 생성하고 이동합니다.
* 빈 파일 `__init__.py`을 생성합니다.
* 다음과 같은 `main.py`을 생성합니다:

```Python
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")

Poetryを使った例は、後述するセクションでご紹介します。👇

///

### **FastAPI**コードを作成する

* `app` ディレクトリを作成し、その中に入ります
* 空のファイル `__init__.py` を作成します
* `main.py` ファイルを作成します：

```Python
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")