// if this is a concern we could add special cases for some known charsets (like utf8)
          // or we could avoid inputstreamreader and use the decoder api directly
          // TODO(lukes): in a real implementation we would need to handle overflow conditions
          int maxChars = (int) (size.get().intValue() * cs.newDecoder().maxCharsPerByte());
          char[] buffer = new char[maxChars];

 * @param <K> The key type of the map implementation under test.
 * @param <V> The value type of the map implementation under test.
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")
// @Ignore affects the Android test runner, which respects JUnit 4 annotations on JUnit 3 tests.
@SuppressWarnings("JUnit4ClassUsedInJUnit3")

    /*
     * If signifRounded == 2^53, we'd need to set all of the significand bits to zero and add 1 to
     * the exponent. This is exactly the behavior we get from just adding signifRounded to bits
     * directly. If the exponent is MAX_DOUBLE_EXPONENT, we round up (correctly) to
     * Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY.
     */
    bits |= x.signum() & SIGN_MASK;
    return longBitsToDouble(bits);
  }

import java.util.Collection;
import org.junit.Ignore;

/**
 * Tests for {@link Multimap#get(Object)}.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")
// @Ignore affects the Android test runner, which respects JUnit 4 annotations on JUnit 3 tests.
@SuppressWarnings("JUnit4ClassUsedInJUnit3")

 * @param <K> The key type of the map implementation under test.
 * @param <V> The value type of the map implementation under test.
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")
// @Ignore affects the Android test runner, which respects JUnit 4 annotations on JUnit 3 tests.
@SuppressWarnings("JUnit4ClassUsedInJUnit3")

**FastAPI** provides several middlewares in `fastapi.middleware` just as a convenience for you, the developer. But most of the available middlewares come directly from Starlette.

///

## `HTTPSRedirectMiddleware` { #httpsredirectmiddleware }

Enforces that all incoming requests must either be `https` or `wss`.

Try to be as specific and objective as possible, avoid generalizations.

For conversations that are more difficult, for example to reject a PR, you can ask me (@tiangolo) to handle it directly.

## Edit PR Titles

* Edit the PR title to start with an emoji from <a href="https://gitmoji.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">gitmoji</a>.

Por padrão, o **FastAPI** irá retornar respostas utilizando `JSONResponse`.

Mas você pode sobrescrever esse comportamento utilizando `Response` diretamente, como visto em [Retornando uma Resposta Diretamente](response-directly.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

/**
 * Utilities necessary for working with libraries that supply plain {@link Future} instances. Note
 * that, whenever possible, it is strongly preferred to modify those libraries to return {@code
 * ListenableFuture} directly.
 *
 * <p>For interoperability between {@code ListenableFuture} and <b>{@code CompletableFuture}</b>,
 * consider <a href="https://github.com/lukas-krecan/future-converter">Future Converter</a>.
 *
 * @author Sven Mawson

import java.util.Collection;
import org.junit.Ignore;

/**
 * Tests for {@link Multimap#get(Object)}.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")
// @Ignore affects the Android test runner, which respects JUnit 4 annotations on JUnit 3 tests.
@SuppressWarnings("JUnit4ClassUsedInJUnit3")