* behavior for all converters; implementations of {@link #doForward} and {@link #doBackward} are
 * guaranteed to never be passed {@code null}, and must never return {@code null}.
 *
 * <h3>Common ways to use</h3>
 *
 * <p>Getting a converter:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>Use a provided converter implementation, such as {@link Enums#stringConverter}, {@link

 * Jr.'s <i>Hacker's Delight</i>, (Addison Wesley, 2002).
 *
 * <p>Similar functionality for {@code int} and for {@link BigInteger} can be found in {@link
 * IntMath} and {@link BigIntegerMath} respectively. For other common operations on {@code long}
 * values, see {@link com.google.common.primitives.Longs}.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 * @since 11.0
 */
@GwtCompatible
public final class LongMath {

 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.google.common.graph;

import java.util.Set;

/**
 * A class to allow {@link Graph} implementations to be backed by a {@link BaseGraph}. This is not
 * currently planned to be released as a general-purpose forwarding class.
 *
 * @author James Sexton
 */
abstract class ForwardingGraph<N> extends AbstractGraph<N> {

import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * {@link FluentFuture} that forwards all calls to a delegate.
 *
 * <h3>Extension</h3>
 *
 * If you want a class like {@code FluentFuture} but with extra methods, we recommend declaring your
 * own subclass of {@link ListenableFuture}, complete with a method like {@link #from} to adapt an
 * existing {@code ListenableFuture}, implemented atop a {@link ForwardingListenableFuture} that

 * a {@link SortedSet}. It cannot hold duplicate key-value pairs; adding a key-value pair that's
 * already in the multimap has no effect. This interface does not specify the ordering of the
 * multimap's keys. See the {@link Multimap} documentation for information common to all multimaps.
 *
 * <p>The {@link #get}, {@link #removeAll}, and {@link #replaceValues} methods each return a {@link

 * the License.
 */

package com.google.common.cache;

import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * Utility {@link Weigher} implementations intended for use in testing.
 *
 * @author Charles Fry
 */
@NullUnmarked
public final class TestingWeighers {

  /** Returns a {@link Weigher} that returns the given {@code constant} for every request. */
  static Weigher<Object, Object> constantWeigher(int constant) {

   *
   * <p>Consider normalizing your string references with {@link #nullToEmpty}. If you do, you can
   * use {@link String#isEmpty()} instead of this method, and you won't need special null-safe forms
   * of methods like {@link String#toUpperCase} either. Or, if you'd like to normalize "in the other
   * direction," converting empty strings to {@code null}, you can use {@link #emptyToNull}.
   *
   * @param string a string reference to check

Es basiert auf <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">HTTPX</a>, welches wiederum auf der Grundlage von requests konzipiert wurde, es ist also sehr vertraut und intuitiv.

# Тестирование

Благодаря <a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a>, тестировать приложения **FastAPI** легко и приятно.

Тестирование основано на библиотеке <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">HTTPX</a>, которая в свою очередь основана на библиотеке Requests, так что все действия знакомы и интуитивно понятны.

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						</li>
					</c:if>
					<c:if test="${developmentMode}">
						<li class="nav-item" data-bs-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="left"
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