# 응답을 직접 반환하기

**FastAPI**에서 *경로 작업(path operation)*을 생성할 때, 일반적으로 `dict`, `list`, Pydantic 모델, 데이터베이스 모델 등의 데이터를 반환할 수 있습니다.

기본적으로 **FastAPI**는 [JSON 호환 가능 인코더](../tutorial/encoder.md){.internal-link target=_blank}에 설명된 `jsonable_encoder`를 사용해 해당 반환 값을 자동으로 `JSON`으로 변환합니다.

그런 다음, JSON 호환 데이터(예: `dict`)를 `JSONResponse`에 넣어 사용자의 응답을 전송하는 방식으로 처리됩니다.

그러나 *경로 작업*에서 `JSONResponse`를 직접 반환할 수도 있습니다.

예를 들어, 사용자 정의 헤더나 쿠키를 반환해야 하는 경우에 유용할 수 있습니다.

	localCh := make(chan event.Event, globalAPIConfig.getRequestsPoolCapacity())

	// Convert local messages to JSON and send to mergeCh
	go func() {
		buf := bytes.NewBuffer(grid.GetByteBuffer()[:0])
		enc := json.NewEncoder(buf)
		tmpEvt := struct{ Records []event.Event }{[]event.Event{{}}}
		for {
			select {
			case ev := <-localCh:
				buf.Reset()

So, the frontend (that runs in the browser) would try to reach `/openapi.json` and wouldn't be able to get the OpenAPI schema.

Because we have a proxy with a path prefix of `/api/v1` for our app, the frontend needs to fetch the OpenAPI schema at `/api/v1/openapi.json`.

```mermaid
graph LR

browser("Browser")

Ils seront convertis vers leurs valeurs correspondantes (chaînes de caractères ici) avant d'être transmis au client :

{* ../../docs_src/path_params/tutorial005.py hl[18,21,23] *}

Le client recevra une réponse JSON comme celle-ci :

```JSON
{
  "model_name": "alexnet",
  "message": "Deep Learning FTW!"
}
```

      Request
        .Builder()
        .url("https://api.github.com/repos/square/okhttp/issues")
        .header("User-Agent", "OkHttp Headers.java")
        .addHeader("Accept", "application/json; q=0.5")
        .addHeader("Accept", "application/vnd.github.v3+json")
        .build()

    client.newCall(request).execute().use { response ->
      if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response")

/// warning | Внимание

Вы можете объявить несколько параметров `File` и `Form` в операции *path*, но вы не можете также объявить поля `Body`, которые вы ожидаете получить в виде JSON, так как запрос будет иметь тело, закодированное с помощью `multipart/form-data` вместо `application/json`.

Это не ограничение **Fast API**, это часть протокола HTTP.

///

## Резюме

Then you just do the same in your tests.

E.g.:

* To pass a *path* or *query* parameter, add it to the URL itself.
* To pass a JSON body, pass a Python object (e.g. a `dict`) to the parameter `json`.
* If you need to send *Form Data* instead of JSON, use the `data` parameter instead.
* To pass *headers*, use a `dict` in the `headers` parameter.
* For *cookies*, a `dict` in the `cookies` parameter.

<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>:     Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
```

</div>

Then if you go to the URLs at `/openapi.json`, `/docs`, or `/redoc` you will just get a `404 Not Found` error like:

```JSON
{
    "detail": "Not Found"
}

   */
  @Deprecated @J2ktIncompatible @GwtIncompatible // Charset not supported by GWT
  public static final Charset US_ASCII = StandardCharsets.US_ASCII;

  /**
   * ISO-8859-1: ISO Latin Alphabet Number 1 (ISO-LATIN-1).
   *
   * @deprecated Use {@link StandardCharsets#ISO_8859_1} instead.
   */
  @Deprecated public static final Charset ISO_8859_1 = StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1;

  /**

* For `PUT` requests to `/items/{item_id}`, read the body as JSON:
    * Check that it has a required attribute `name` that should be a `str`.
    * Check that it has a required attribute `price` that has to be a `float`.
    * Check that it has an optional attribute `is_offer`, that should be a `bool`, if present.
    * All this would also work for deeply nested JSON objects.
* Convert from and to JSON automatically.