// Then
        assertNotNull(ex);
        assertEquals(message, ex.getMessage());
        assertEquals(cause, ex.getCause());
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should handle null message and/or cause without throwing")
    void testNullInputs() {
        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> {
            SpnegoException ex1 = new SpnegoException((String) null);
            assertNotNull(ex1);
            assertNull(ex1.getMessage());

        int securityInfo = OWNER_SECURITY_INFORMATION;

        querySecurityDesc = new NtTransQuerySecurityDesc(mockConfig, fid, securityInfo);

        // Constructor should initialize the object without throwing exceptions
        assertNotNull(querySecurityDesc);

        // Test toString contains the expected values to verify field initialization
        String str = querySecurityDesc.toString();

    }

    public void test_throwAndCatch() {
        // Test throwing and catching the exception
        String expectedMessage = "Thrown exception";

        try {
            throw new UnsupportedSearchException(expectedMessage);
            // fail("Exception was not thrown");
        } catch (UnsupportedSearchException e) {
            assertEquals(expectedMessage, e.getMessage());

    shouldFail(new FailOneArgDoesntThrowNpe());
  }

  private static class FailOneArgThrowsWrongType extends PassObject {
    @Override
    public void oneArg(String s) {
      doThrow(s); // Fail: throwing non-NPE exception for null s
    }
  }

  public void testFailOneArgThrowsWrongType() {
    shouldFail(new FailOneArgThrowsWrongType());
  }

        UserRoleLoginException exception = new UserRoleLoginException(RootAction.class);
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    public void test_throwAndCatch() {
        // Test throwing and catching the exception
        try {
            throw new UserRoleLoginException(RootAction.class);
        } catch (UserRoleLoginException e) {
            assertEquals(RootAction.class, e.getActionClass());

 * second invocation, so implementors have made various choices, including:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>returning the same iterator again
 *   <li>throwing an exception of some kind
 *   <li>or the usual, <i>robust</i> behavior, which all known {@link Collection} implementations
 *       have, of returning a new, independent iterator
 * </ul>
 *

  public EquivalenceTester<T> addEquivalenceGroup(Iterable<T> group) {
    delegate.addRelatedGroup(group);
    items.addAll(ImmutableList.copyOf(group));
    return this;
  }

  /** Run tests on equivalence methods, throwing a failure on an invalid test */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public EquivalenceTester<T> test() {
    for (int run = 0; run < REPETITIONS; run++) {
      testItems();
      delegate.test();
    }
    return this;

            assertArrayEquals(original, buffer, "Buffer must remain unchanged");
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Handles null destination without throwing and returns 0")
        void allowsNullBuffer() {
            // Arrange
            Smb2LogoffResponse resp = newResponse();

            // Act & Assert

    void testOpenConnection_NullSystemProperty_UsesDefaultHandlers() throws Exception {
        // This test verifies that when the system property is null, the handler
        // falls back to using default handlers without throwing NullPointerException.
        System.clearProperty("java.protocol.handler.pkgs");
        setupMockProtocolHandlers();
        URL url = new URL("http://example.com/resource");

        assertNotSame(exception1, exception2);
        assertNotSame(exception2, exception3);
        assertNotSame(exception1, exception3);
    }

    public void test_throwAndCatch() {
        // Test throwing and catching the exception
        String errorMessage = "LDAP server not reachable";

        try {
            throw new LdapConfigurationException(errorMessage);
        } catch (LdapConfigurationException e) {