} else {
      return new BigInteger(digits, RANDOM_SOURCE).setBit(digits);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Equivalent to calling randomPositiveBigInteger(numBits) and then flipping the sign with 50%
   * probability.
   */
  static BigInteger randomNonZeroBigInteger(int numBits) {
    BigInteger result = randomPositiveBigInteger(numBits);
    return RANDOM_SOURCE.nextBoolean() ? result : result.negate();

import org.codelibs.fess.util.ComponentUtil;
import org.lastaflute.web.login.credential.LoginCredential;
import org.lastaflute.web.response.ActionResponse;

/**
 * Manager class for coordinating SSO (Single Sign-On) authentication operations.
 *
 * This class serves as the central coordinator for SSO authentication in Fess.
 * It manages registered SSO authenticators, determines when SSO is available,

    private BigDecimalToDoubleRounder() {}

    @Override
    double roundToDoubleArbitrarily(BigDecimal bigDecimal) {
      return bigDecimal.doubleValue();
    }

    @Override
    int sign(BigDecimal bigDecimal) {
      return bigDecimal.signum();
    }

    @Override
    BigDecimal toX(double d, RoundingMode mode) {
      return new BigDecimal(d);
    }

    @Override

			expectedSignStr:  "",
			expectedErrCode:  ErrMissingFields,
		},
		// Test case - 3.
		// SignElement with missing "SignatureTag",ErrMissingSignTag expected.
		{
			inputSignElement: "Sign=",
			expectedSignStr:  "",
			expectedErrCode:  ErrMissingSignTag,
		},
		// Test case - 4.
		// Test case with valid inputs.
		{
			inputSignElement: "Signature=abcd",
			expectedSignStr:  "abcd",

	// Verify finally if signature is same.

	// Get canonical request.
	presignedCanonicalReq := getCanonicalRequest(extractedSignedHeaders, hashedPayload, encodedQuery, req.URL.Path, req.Method)

	// Get string to sign from canonical request.
	presignedStringToSign := getStringToSign(presignedCanonicalReq, t, pSignValues.Credential.getScope())

	// Get hmac presigned signing key.

// getChunkSignature - get chunk signature.
// Does not update anything in cr.
func (cr *s3ChunkedReader) getChunkSignature() string {
	hashedChunk := hex.EncodeToString(cr.chunkSHA256Writer.Sum(nil))

	// Calculate string to sign.
	alg := signV4ChunkedAlgorithm + "\n"
	stringToSign := alg +
		cr.seedDate.Format(iso8601Format) + "\n" +
		getScope(cr.seedDate, cr.region) + "\n" +
		cr.seedSignature + "\n" +
		emptySHA256 + "\n" +
		hashedChunk

  // The mask for the exponent, according to the {@link
  // Double#doubleToRawLongBits(double)} spec.
  static final long EXPONENT_MASK = 0x7ff0000000000000L;

  // The mask for the sign, according to the {@link
  // Double#doubleToRawLongBits(double)} spec.
  static final long SIGN_MASK = 0x8000000000000000L;

  static final int SIGNIFICAND_BITS = 52;

  static final int EXPONENT_BIAS = 1023;

# Casdoor Quickstart Guide [![Slack](https://slack.min.io/slack?type=svg)](https://slack.min.io)

Casdoor is a UI-first centralized authentication / Single-Sign-On (SSO) platform supporting OAuth 2.0, OIDC and SAML, integrated with Casbin RBAC and ABAC permission management. This document covers configuring Casdoor identity provider support with MinIO.

## Prerequisites

is validated by using a JWT access token from the identity provider. The temporary security credentials returned by this API consists of an access key, a secret key, and a security token. Applications can use these temporary security credentials to sign calls to MinIO API operations.

By default, the temporary security credentials created by AssumeRoleWithClientGrants last for one hour. However, use the optional DurationSeconds parameter to specify the duration of the credentials. This value...

						<c:when test="${ pageLoginLink }">
							<li class="nav-item"><la:link href="/login"
									styleClass="nav-link  " role="button" aria-haspopup="true"
									aria-expanded="false">
									<em class="fa fa-fw fa-sign-in">
									<span><la:message key="labels.login" /></span>
								</la:link></li>
						</c:when>
					</c:choose>
					<li class="nav-item"><la:link href="/help" styleClass="nav-link" role="help" aria-haspopup="true"