# Apache Maven Upgrade Script
#
# Environment Variable Prerequisites
#
#   JAVA_HOME           (Optional) Points to a Java installation.
#   MAVEN_OPTS          (Optional) Java runtime options used when Maven is executed.
#   MAVEN_SKIP_RC       (Optional) Flag to disable loading of mavenrc files.
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    /**
     * Locate and parse the model in the specified directory.
     * This is equivalent to {@code locate(dir).map(s -> parse(s, options))}.
     *
     * @param dir the directory to locate the pom for, never {@code null}
     * @param options possible parsing options, may be {@code null}
     * @return an optional parsed {@link Model} or {@code null} if none could be found

import org.codelibs.fess.util.ComponentUtil;
import org.codelibs.fess.util.DocumentUtil;
import org.codelibs.fess.util.FacetResponse;
import org.dbflute.optional.OptionalEntity;
import org.dbflute.optional.OptionalThing;
import org.lastaflute.web.util.LaRequestUtil;
import org.opensearch.action.search.SearchRequestBuilder;
import org.opensearch.action.search.SearchResponse;

توی پایتون 3.6 و بالاتر (از جمله پایتون 3.10) می‌تونی با وارد کردن و استفاده از `Optional` از ماژول `typing` اینو تعریف کنی.

```Python hl_lines="1  4"
{!../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009.py!}
```

استفاده از `Optional[str]` به جای فقط `str` به ویرایشگر کمک می‌کنه خطاهایی که ممکنه فکر کنی یه مقدار همیشه `str` هست رو پیدا کنه، در حالی که می‌تونه `None` هم باشه.

# Apache Maven Encrypt Script
#
# Environment Variable Prerequisites
#
#   JAVA_HOME           (Optional) Points to a Java installation.
#   MAVEN_OPTS          (Optional) Java runtime options used when Maven is executed.
#   MAVEN_SKIP_RC       (Optional) Flag to disable loading of mavenrc files.
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Apache Maven Encrypt Script
#
# Environment Variable Prerequisites
#
#   JAVA_HOME           (Optional) Points to a Java installation.
#   MAVEN_OPTS          (Optional) Java runtime options used when Maven is executed.
#   MAVEN_SKIP_RC       (Optional) Flag to disable loading of mavenrc files.
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

     * does not include the {@linkplain Modular#moduleName() module name} on which it applies.
     *
     * @return the name of the tool option for this path type
     */
    @Nonnull
    @Override
    public Optional<String> option() {
        return Optional.ofNullable(option);
    }

    /**

  ElementOrder<N> nodeOrder = ElementOrder.insertion();
  ElementOrder<N> incidentEdgeOrder = ElementOrder.unordered();

  Optional<Integer> expectedNodeCount = Optional.absent();

  /**
   * Creates a new instance with the specified edge directionality.
   *
   * @param directed if true, creates an instance for graphs whose edges are each directed; if
   *     false, creates an instance for graphs whose edges are each undirected.
   */

 */
package org.apache.maven.api.services;

import java.io.Closeable;
import java.net.URI;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.util.Optional;

import org.apache.maven.api.RemoteRepository;
import org.apache.maven.api.annotations.Consumer;
import org.apache.maven.api.annotations.Experimental;
import org.apache.maven.api.annotations.Nonnull;

/**

```Python hl_lines="1  4"
{!../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009.py!}
```

`Optional[str]` ব্যবহার করা মানে হল শুধু `str` নয়, এটি হতে পারে `None`-ও, যা আপনার এডিটরকে সেই ত্রুটিগুলি শনাক্ত করতে সাহায্য করবে যেখানে আপনি ধরে নিচ্ছেন যে একটি মান সবসময় `str` হবে, অথচ এটি `None`-ও হতে পারেও।