기본적으로 단일 값은 쿼리 매개변수로 해석되므로, 명시적으로 `Query`를 추가할 필요가 없고, 아래처럼 할 수 있습니다:

{* ../../docs_src/body_multiple_params/tutorial004.py hl[27] *}

이렇게:

```Python
q: Optional[str] = None
```

/// info | 정보

`Body` 또한 `Query`, `Path` 그리고 이후에 볼 다른 것들처럼 동일한 추가 검증과 메타데이터 매개변수를 갖고 있습니다.

///

## 단일 본문 매개변수 삽입하기

		return
	}
	// General address (with a few exceptions) looks like
	//	$sym±offset(SB)(reg)(index*scale)
	// Exceptions are:
	//
	//	R1
	//	offset
	//	$offset
	// Every piece is optional, so we scan left to right and what
	// we discover tells us where we are.

	// Prefix: $.
	var prefix rune
	switch tok := p.peek(); tok {
	case '$', '*':
		prefix = rune(tok)
		p.next()
	}

 *    augmented by certificates private to an organization or service.
 *
 * ### Client Authentication
 *
 * This is authentication of the client by the server during the TLS handshake. Client
 * authentication is optional.
 *
 * To perform client authentication:
 *
 *  * The client's handshake certificates must have a [held certificate][HeldCertificate] (a

import org.codelibs.fess.opensearch.user.exentity.Role;
import org.codelibs.fess.opensearch.user.exentity.User;
import org.codelibs.fess.util.ComponentUtil;
import org.codelibs.fess.util.OptionalUtil;
import org.dbflute.optional.OptionalEntity;
import org.dbflute.util.DfTypeUtil;

import jakarta.annotation.PostConstruct;

/**
 * Manages LDAP connections and operations.
 */
public class LdapManager {

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import com.google.common.annotations.GwtIncompatible;
import com.google.common.base.Function;
import com.google.common.base.Optional;
import com.google.common.base.Predicate;
import com.google.common.base.Predicates;
import com.google.errorprone.annotations.CanIgnoreReturnValue;
import com.google.errorprone.annotations.InlineMe;

 * Table} interface.
 *
 * <p>The views returned by {@link #column}, {@link #columnKeySet()}, and {@link #columnMap()} have
 * iterators that don't support {@code remove()}. Otherwise, all optional operations are supported.
 * Null row keys, columns keys, and values are not supported.
 *
 * <p>Lookups by row key are often faster than lookups by column key, because the data is stored in

And your *path operation* has a little lock in the top-right corner that you can click.

///

And if you click it, you have a little authorization form to type a `username` and `password` (and other optional fields):

<img src="/img/tutorial/security/image02.png">

/// note

It doesn't matter what you type in the form, it won't work yet. But we'll get there.

///

<img src="/img/tutorial/response-model/image02.png">

## 응답 모델 인코딩 매개변수

응답 모델은 아래와 같이 기본값을 가질 수 있습니다:

{* ../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial004.py hl[11,13:14] *}

* `description: Optional[str] = None`은 기본값으로 `None`을 갖습니다.
* `tax: float = 10.5`는 기본값으로 `10.5`를 갖습니다.
* `tags: List[str] = []` 빈 리스트의 기본값으로: `[]`.

그러나 실제로 저장되지 않았을 경우 결과에서 값을 생략하고 싶을 수 있습니다.

///

Und wenn Sie darauf klicken, erhalten Sie ein kleines Anmeldeformular zur Eingabe eines `username` und `password` (und anderer optionaler Felder):

<img src="/img/tutorial/security/image02.png">

/// note | Hinweis

Es spielt keine Rolle, was Sie in das Formular eingeben, es wird noch nicht funktionieren. Wir kommen dahin.

///

## An app with callbacks { #an-app-with-callbacks }

Let's see all this with an example.

Imagine you develop an app that allows creating invoices.

These invoices will have an `id`, `title` (optional), `customer`, and `total`.

The user of your API (an external developer) will create an invoice in your API with a POST request.

Then your API will (let's imagine):