*/
    String getSource();

    /**
     * Gets the one-based index of the line containing the problem. The line number should refer to some text file that
     * is given by {@link #getSource()}.
     *
     * @return The one-based index of the line containing the problem or a non-positive value if unknown.
     */
    int getLineNumber();

    /**

`Optional[Something]` насправді є скороченням для `Union[Something, None]`, вони еквівалентні.

Це також означає, що в Python 3.10 ви можете використовувати `Something | None`:

//// tab | Python 3.8 і вище

```Python hl_lines="1  4"
{!> ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009.py!}
```

       * that behavior is undefined when the backing map is modified through another API. (It even
       * permits us to throw IllegalStateException. Maybe we should have done that, but we probably
       * shouldn't change now for fear of breaking people.)
       *
       * If the entry is still in the map, then updateIndex ensured that `index` points to the right

		aws --endpoint-url http://localhost:"$start_port" s3api upload-part \
			--upload-id "$uploadId" --bucket bucket --key obj-1 \
			--part-number "$i" --body ./file-5mib
	done
	for i in {1..6}; do
		find ${WORK_DIR}/disk${i}/.minio.sys/multipart/ -type f -name "part.1" -delete
	done
	cat <<EOF >parts.json
{
    "Parts": [
        {
            "PartNumber": 1,
            "ETag": "5f363e0e58a95f06cbe9bbc662c5dfb6"
        },

/**
 * A {@link FutureTask} that also implements the {@link ListenableFuture} interface. Unlike {@code
 * FutureTask}, {@code ListenableFutureTask} does not provide an overrideable {@link
 * FutureTask#done() done()} method. For similar functionality, call {@link #addListener}.
 *
 * <p>Few users should use this class. It is intended primarily for those who are implementing an

nr_servers=4

addr="localhost"
args=""
for ((i = 0; i < $((nr_servers)); i++)); do
	args="$args $scheme://$addr:$((9100 + i))/${HOME}/tmp/dist/path1/$i"
done

echo $args

for ((i = 0; i < $((nr_servers)); i++)); do
	(minio server --address ":$((9100 + i))" $args 2>&1 >/tmp/log$i.txt) &
done

sleep 10s

if [ ! -f ./mc ]; then
	wget --quiet -O ./mc https://dl.minio.io/client/mc/release/linux-amd64/./mc &&
		chmod +x mc
fi

`Optional[Something]` là một cách viết ngắn gọn của `Union[Something, None]`, chúng là tương đương nhau.

Điều này cũng có nghĩa là trong Python 3.10, bạn có thể sử dụng `Something | None`:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="1"
{!> ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009_py310.py!}
```

echo "done"

if [ ! -f ./mc ]; then
	echo -n "Downloading MinIO client ..."
	wget -O mc https://dl.min.io/client/mc/release/linux-amd64/mc &&
		chmod +x mc
	echo "done"
fi

export MC_HOST_minio1=https://minio:minio123@localhost:9001
export MC_HOST_minio2=https://minio:minio123@localhost:9002

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    price: float
    is_offer: Union[bool, None] = None


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):

## Optionale Parameter

Auf die gleiche Weise können Sie optionale Query-Parameter deklarieren, indem Sie deren Defaultwert auf `None` setzen:

{* ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial002_py310.py hl[7] *}

In diesem Fall wird der Funktionsparameter `q` optional, und standardmäßig `None` sein.

/// check