import java.io.Writer;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;

/**
 * A destination to which bytes can be written, such as a file. Unlike an {@link OutputStream}, a
 * {@code ByteSink} is not an open, stateful stream that can be written to and closed. Instead, it
 * is an immutable <i>supplier</i> of {@code OutputStream} instances.
 *
 * <p>{@code ByteSink} provides two kinds of methods:
 *
 * <ul>

 * ordinary tests.
 *
 * <p>Failure of the expected event to occur within an implementation-defined "reasonable" time
 * period or an interrupt while waiting for the expected event will result in a {@link
 * RuntimeException}.
 *
 * <p>Here's an example that tests a {@code finalize} method:
 *
 * <pre>{@code
 * final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);

import com.google.errorprone.annotations.CanIgnoreReturnValue;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.annotation.CheckForNull;

/**
 * An interface for representing and manipulating an origin node's adjacent nodes and edge values in
 * a {@link Graph}.
 *
 * @author James Sexton
 * @param <N> Node parameter type
 * @param <V> Value parameter type
 */
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault

  /**
   * Returns a {@link Collector} that accumulates elements into an {@code ImmutableBiMap} whose keys
   * and values are the result of applying the provided mapping functions to the input elements.
   * Entries appear in the result {@code ImmutableBiMap} in encounter order.
   *
   * <p>If the mapped keys or values contain duplicates (according to {@link
   * Object#equals(Object)}), an {@code IllegalArgumentException} is thrown when the collection

   * Resources.asCharSource(url, charset).readLines()}.
   *
   * @param url the URL to read from
   * @param charset the charset used to decode the input stream; see {@link StandardCharsets} for
   *     helpful predefined constants
   * @return a mutable {@link List} containing all the lines
   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
   */

The benefit of raising an exception over `return`ing a value will be more evident in the section about Dependencies and Security.

In this example, when the client requests an item by an ID that doesn't exist, raise an exception with a status code of `404`:

```Python hl_lines="11"
{!../../docs_src/handling_errors/tutorial001.py!}
```

import java.util.Spliterator;
import java.util.Spliterators;
import java.util.function.LongConsumer;
import java.util.stream.LongStream;
import javax.annotation.CheckForNull;

/**
 * An immutable array of {@code long} values, with an API resembling {@link List}.
 *
 * <p>Advantages compared to {@code long[]}:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>All the many well-known advantages of immutability (read <i>Effective Java</i>, third

type CheckPreconditionFn func(o ObjectInfo) bool

// EvalMetadataFn validates input objInfo and GetObjectInfo error and returns an updated metadata and replication decision if any
type EvalMetadataFn func(o *ObjectInfo, gerr error) (ReplicateDecision, error)

// EvalRetentionBypassFn validates input objInfo and GetObjectInfo error and returns an error if retention bypass is not allowed.
type EvalRetentionBypassFn func(o ObjectInfo, gerr error) error

### Replication of object version and metadata

and down in an agony of terror.  `Oh, there goes his PRECIOUS
nose'; as an unusually large saucepan flew close by it, and very
nearly carried it off.

  `If everybody minded their own business,' the Duchess said in a
hoarse growl, `the world would go round a deal faster than it
does.'

  `Which would NOT be an advantage,' said Alice, who felt very