```Python hl_lines="9  15 16  19 20  23 24"
{!../../docs_src/extra_models/tutorial002.py!}
```

## `Union`または`anyOf`

レスポンスを２つの型の`Union`として宣言することができます。

OpenAPIでは`anyOf`で定義されます。

そのためには、標準的なPythonの型ヒント<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html#typing.Union" class="external-link" target="_blank">`typing.Union`</a>を使用します:

```Python hl_lines="1 14 15 18 19 20 33"
{!../../docs_src/extra_models/tutorial003.py!}
```

# 响应Cookies

## 使用 `Response` 参数

你可以在 *路径函数* 中定义一个类型为 `Response`的参数，这样你就可以在这个临时响应对象中设置cookie了。

```Python hl_lines="1  8-9"
{!../../docs_src/response_cookies/tutorial002.py!}
```

而且你还可以根据你的需要响应不同的对象，比如常用的 `dict`，数据库model等。

如果你定义了 `response_model`，程序会自动根据`response_model`来过滤和转换你响应的对象。

**FastAPI** 会使用这个 *临时* 响应对象去装在这些cookies信息 (同样还有headers和状态码等信息), 最终会将这些信息和通过`response_model`转化过的数据合并到最终的响应里。

# Testando WebSockets

Você pode usar o mesmo `TestClient` para testar WebSockets.

Para isso, você utiliza o `TestClient` dentro de uma instrução `with`, conectando com o WebSocket:

```Python hl_lines="27-31"
{!../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002.py!}
```

/// note | "Nota"

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.response_change_status_code.tutorial001 import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test_path_operation():
    response = client.put("/get-or-create-task/foo")
    print(response.content)
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == "Listen to the Bar Fighters"
    response = client.put("/get-or-create-task/bar")

Вона приймає об'єкт, такий як Pydantic model, і повертає його версію, сумісну з JSON:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="4  21"
{!> ../../docs_src/encoder/tutorial001_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="5  22"
{!> ../../docs_src/encoder/tutorial001.py!}
```

////

У цьому прикладі вона конвертує Pydantic model у `dict`, а `datetime` у `str`.

```Python hl_lines="3  6-8"
{!../../docs_src/sub_applications/tutorial001.py!}
```

### Sub-application

Then, create your sub-application, and its *path operations*.

This sub-application is just another standard FastAPI application, but this is the one that will be "mounted":

```Python hl_lines="11  14-16"
{!../../docs_src/sub_applications/tutorial001.py!}
```

### Mount the sub-application

<img src="/img/tutorial/extending-openapi/image02.png">

Mas você pode desabilitá-lo definindo `syntaxHighlight` como `False`:

```Python hl_lines="3"
{!../../docs_src/configure_swagger_ui/tutorial001.py!}
```

...e então o Swagger UI não mostrará mais o destaque de sintaxe:

<img src="/img/tutorial/extending-openapi/image03.png">

## Alterar o tema

import pytest
from fastapi.exceptions import FastAPIError


def test_invalid_response_model():
    with pytest.raises(FastAPIError):
        from docs_src.response_model.tutorial003_04 import app

from ...utils import needs_py310


@needs_py310
def test_app():
    from docs_src.app_testing.app_b_an_py310 import test_main

    test_main.test_create_existing_item()
    test_main.test_create_item()
    test_main.test_create_item_bad_token()
    test_main.test_read_nonexistent_item()
    test_main.test_read_item()

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.custom_response.tutorial001 import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test_get_custom_response():
    response = client.get("/items/")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == [{"item_id": "Foo"}]


def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text