* general way.
 *
 * <p>A good example of usage of this class is for HTML escaping where the replacement array
 * contains information about the named HTML entities such as {@code &amp;} and {@code &quot;} while
 * {@link #escapeUnsafe} is overridden to handle general escaping of the form {@code &#NNNNN;}.
 *

      result = "running=[DONE]";
    } else if (state instanceof Blocker) {
      result = "running=[INTERRUPTED]";
    } else if (state instanceof Thread) {
      // getName is final on Thread, no need to worry about exceptions
      result = "running=[RUNNING ON " + ((Thread) state).getName() + "]";
    } else {
      result = "running=[NOT STARTED YET]";
    }
    return result + ", " + toPendingString();
  }

 * }
 *
 * <h3>Comparison to alternatives</h3>
 *
 * <p><b>Note:</b> In some cases the differences explained below can be subtle. When it's unclear
 * which approach to use, <b>don't worry</b> too much about it; just pick something that seems
 * reasonable and it will be fine.
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>If checking whether the <i>caller</i> has violated your method or constructor's contract

現在我們已經有完整的安全流程了，接下來用 <abbr title="JSON Web Tokens - JSON 網路權杖">JWT</abbr> 權杖與安全的密碼雜湊，讓應用真正安全。

這份程式碼可以直接用在你的應用中，把密碼雜湊存進資料庫等等。

我們會從上一章的內容繼續往下擴充。

## 關於 JWT { #about-jwt }

JWT 的意思是「JSON Web Tokens」。

它是一種把 JSON 物件編碼成一段長且緊密（沒有空白）的字串的標準。看起來像這樣：

```

现在我们已经有了完整的安全流程，接下来用 <abbr title="JSON Web Tokens - JSON Web 令牌">JWT</abbr> 令牌和安全的密码哈希，让应用真正安全起来。

这些代码可以直接用于你的应用，你可以把密码哈希保存到数据库中，等等。

我们将从上一章结束的地方继续，逐步完善。

## 关于 JWT { #about-jwt }

JWT 意为 “JSON Web Tokens”。

它是一种标准，把一个 JSON 对象编码成没有空格、很密集的一长串字符串。看起来像这样：

```

---

"_I’m over the moon excited about **FastAPI**. It’s so fun!_"

  private val perMessageDeflate: Boolean,
  private val noContextTakeover: Boolean,
) : Closeable {
  private var closed = false
  private var receivedCloseFrame = false

  // Stateful data about the current frame.
  private var opcode = 0
  private var frameLength = 0L
  private var isFinalFrame = false
  private var isControlFrame = false
  private var readingCompressedMessage = false

        return;
      }
      @RetainedLocalRef ListenableFuture<V> delegate = timeoutFuture.delegateRef;
      if (delegate == null) {
        return;
      }

      /*
       * If we're about to complete the TimeoutFuture, we want to release our reference to it.
       * Otherwise, we'll pin it (and its result) in memory until the timeout task is GCed. (The

Underneath, in the ASGI technical specification, this is part of the [Lifespan Protocol](https://asgi.readthedocs.io/en/latest/specs/lifespan.html), and it defines events called `startup` and `shutdown`.

/// info

You can read more about the Starlette `lifespan` handlers in [Starlette's  Lifespan' docs](https://www.starlette.dev/lifespan/).

Including how to handle lifespan state that can be used in other areas of your code.

///

● Config ... ✔ 
● Drive ... ✔ 
● Net ... ✔ 
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