castOrCopyToList(mapGenerator.order(castOrCopyToList(mapGenerator.getSampleElements(5))));
      sort(
          insertionOrder,
          new Comparator<V>() {
            @Override
            public int compare(V left, V right) {
              // The indexes are small enough for the subtraction trick to be safe.
              return indexOfEntryWithValue(left) - indexOfEntryWithValue(right);
            }

	// short-circuit single-element list
	if len(strs) == 1 {
		return xfix
	}
	// compare first to rest
	for _, str := range strs[1:] {
		xfixl := len(xfix)
		strl := len(str)
		// short-circuit empty strings
		if xfixl == 0 || strl == 0 {
			return ""
		}
		// maximum possible length
		maxl := min(strl, xfixl)
		// compare letters
		if pre {
			// prefix, iterate left to right
			for i := range maxl {

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInfo;

public class CrawlJobTest extends UnitFessTestCase {

    private CrawlJob crawlJob;

    // Helper method to compare arrays
    private void assertArrayEquals(String[] expected, String[] actual) {
        if (expected == null && actual == null) {
            return;
        }
        if (expected == null || actual == null) {

  public void testCompare() {
    for (float x : VALUES) {
      for (float y : VALUES) {
        // note: spec requires only that the sign is the same
        assertWithMessage("%s, %s", x, y).that(Floats.compare(x, y)).isEqualTo(Float.compare(x, y));
      }
    }
  }

  public void testContains() {
    assertThat(Floats.contains(EMPTY, 1.0f)).isFalse();
    assertThat(Floats.contains(ARRAY1, 2.0f)).isFalse();

  public void testCompare() {
    for (int x : VALUES) {
      for (int y : VALUES) {
        // note: spec requires only that the sign is the same
        assertWithMessage("%s, %s", x, y).that(Ints.compare(x, y)).isEqualTo(Integer.compare(x, y));
      }
    }
  }

  public void testContains() {
    assertThat(Ints.contains(EMPTY, (int) 1)).isFalse();
    assertThat(Ints.contains(ARRAY1, (int) 2)).isFalse();

  public void testCompare() {
    for (float x : VALUES) {
      for (float y : VALUES) {
        // note: spec requires only that the sign is the same
        assertWithMessage("%s, %s", x, y).that(Floats.compare(x, y)).isEqualTo(Float.compare(x, y));
      }
    }
  }

  public void testContains() {
    assertThat(Floats.contains(EMPTY, 1.0f)).isFalse();
    assertThat(Floats.contains(ARRAY1, 2.0f)).isFalse();

        byte[] messageBytes = original.toByteArray();

        // When
        Type3Message parsed = new Type3Message(messageBytes);

        // Then
        // Note: getType() method does not exist, so we cannot compare message types
        assertEquals(original.getDomain(), parsed.getDomain());
        assertEquals(original.getUser(), parsed.getUser());
        assertEquals(original.getWorkstation(), parsed.getWorkstation());
    }

もちろん、攻撃者はこれらを手作業では行わず、プログラムを書いて、1 秒間に数千〜数百万回のテストを行うでしょう。そして 1 回に 1 文字ずつ正しい文字を見つけていきます。

そうすることで、数分から数時間のうちに、攻撃者は私たちのアプリケーションの「助け」（応答にかかった時間）だけを利用して、正しいユーザー名とパスワードを推測できてしまいます。

#### `secrets.compare_digest()` で対策 { #fix-it-with-secrets-compare-digest }

しかし、私たちのコードでは実際に `secrets.compare_digest()` を使用しています。

要するに、`stanleyjobsox` と `stanleyjobson` を比較するのにかかる時間は、`johndoe` と `stanleyjobson` を比較するのにかかる時間と同じになります。パスワードでも同様です。

	The fields are compared in source order, and comparison stops as
	soon as two field values differ (or all fields have been compared).
	</li>

	<li>
	Array types are comparable if their array element types are comparable.
	Two array values are equal if their corresponding element values are equal.
	The elements are compared in ascending index order, and comparison stops

// along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

// Package etag provides an implementation of S3 ETags.
//
// Each S3 object has an associated ETag that can be
// used to e.g. quickly compare objects or check whether
// the content of an object has changed.
//
// In general, an S3 ETag is an MD5 checksum of the object
// content. However, there are many exceptions to this rule.
//
// # Single-part Upload