*       String}.
 * </ul>
 *
 * This is the same behavior as type-variable usages have to Kotlin and to the Checker Framework.
 * Contrast the method above to:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>methods whose return type is a type variable but which can never return {@code null},
 *       typically because the type forbids nullable type arguments: For example, {@code

 *       String}.
 * </ul>
 *
 * This is the same behavior as type-variable usages have to Kotlin and to the Checker Framework.
 * Contrast the method above to:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>methods whose return type is a type variable but which can never return {@code null},
 *       typically because the type forbids nullable type arguments: For example, {@code

  @Override
  public <T extends @NonNull B> @Nullable T getInstance(Class<T> type) {
    return trustedGet(TypeToken.of(type));
  }

  @Override
  public <T extends @NonNull B> @Nullable T getInstance(TypeToken<T> type) {
    return trustedGet(type.rejectTypeVariables());
  }

  @Override
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public <T extends B> @Nullable T putInstance(

  @Override
  ContiguousSet<C> tailSetImpl(C fromElement, boolean fromInclusive) {
    return this;
  }

  @Override
  public boolean contains(@Nullable Object object) {
    return false;
  }

  @GwtIncompatible // not used by GWT emulation
  @Override
  int indexOf(@Nullable Object target) {
    return -1;
  }

  @Override
  public UnmodifiableIterator<C> iterator() {
    return emptyIterator();
  }

 * @author George van den Driessche
 */
@GwtCompatible
@NullMarked
public class AbstractTester<G> extends TestCase {
  private G subjectGenerator;
  private String suiteName;
  private @Nullable Runnable setUp;
  private @Nullable Runnable tearDown;

  // public so that it can be referenced in generated GWT tests.
  @Override
  public void setUp() throws Exception {
    if (setUp != null) {
      setUp.run();
    }
  }

 * @author George van den Driessche
 */
@GwtCompatible
@NullMarked
public class AbstractTester<G> extends TestCase {
  private G subjectGenerator;
  private String suiteName;
  private @Nullable Runnable setUp;
  private @Nullable Runnable tearDown;

  // public so that it can be referenced in generated GWT tests.
  @Override
  public void setUp() throws Exception {
    if (setUp != null) {
      setUp.run();
    }
  }

    return (Collector) TO_OPTIONAL;
  }

  private static final Object NULL_PLACEHOLDER = new Object();

  private static final Collector<@Nullable Object, ?, @Nullable Object> ONLY_ELEMENT =
      Collector.<@Nullable Object, ToOptionalState<Object>, @Nullable Object>of(
          () -> new ToOptionalState<>(null),
          (state, o) -> state.add((o == null) ? NULL_PLACEHOLDER : o),
          ToOptionalState::combine,

  private final boolean hasLowerBound;
  private final @Nullable T lowerEndpoint;
  private final BoundType lowerBoundType;
  private final boolean hasUpperBound;
  private final @Nullable T upperEndpoint;
  private final BoundType upperBoundType;

  private GeneralRange(
      Comparator<? super T> comparator,
      boolean hasLowerBound,
      @Nullable T lowerEndpoint,
      BoundType lowerBoundType,

   *
   * <p>The serialized output consists of the number of entries, first key, first value, second key,
   * second value, and so on.
   */
  static <K extends @Nullable Object, V extends @Nullable Object> void writeMap(
      Map<K, V> map, ObjectOutputStream stream) throws IOException {
    stream.writeInt(map.size());
    for (Map.Entry<K, V> entry : map.entrySet()) {

    static final Listener TOMBSTONE = new Listener();
    // null only for TOMBSTONE
    final @Nullable Runnable task;
    // null only for TOMBSTONE
    final @Nullable Executor executor;

    // writes to next are made visible by subsequent CAS's on the listeners field
    @Nullable Listener next;

    Listener(Runnable task, Executor executor) {
      this.task = task;
      this.executor = executor;