Immer wenn jetzt ein Browser einen Benutzer mit Passwort erzeugt, gibt die API dasselbe Passwort in der Response zurück.

Hier ist das möglicherweise kein Problem, da es derselbe Benutzer ist, der das Passwort sendet.

Aber wenn wir dasselbe Modell für eine andere *Pfadoperation* verwenden, könnten wir das Passwort dieses Benutzers zu jedem Client schicken.

/// danger | Gefahr

E seus usuários poderiam fazer login tanto pela sua aplicação Django quanto pela sua aplicação **FastAPI**, ao mesmo tempo.

///

## Criar o hash e verificar as senhas { #hash-and-verify-the-passwords }

Importe as ferramentas que nós precisamos de `pwdlib`.

Crie uma instância de PasswordHash com as configurações recomendadas – ela será usada para criar o hash e verificar as senhas.

/// tip | Dica

更多內容可參考 [PyJWT 安裝文件](https://pyjwt.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html)。

///

## 密碼雜湊 { #password-hashing }

「雜湊」是指把某些內容（此處為密碼）轉換成一串看起來像亂碼的位元組序列（其實就是字串）。

每當你輸入完全相同的內容（完全相同的密碼），就會得到完全相同的亂碼。

但你無法從這串亂碼再反推回原本的密碼。

### 為什麼要用密碼雜湊 { #why-use-password-hashing }

如果你的資料庫被偷了，竊賊拿到的不是使用者的明文密碼，而只是雜湊值。

因此，竊賊無法直接拿該密碼去嘗試登入其他系統（由於許多使用者在各處都用同一組密碼，這會很危險）。

        * `clientCredentials`
        * `authorizationCode`
    * Es gibt jedoch einen bestimmten „Flow“, der perfekt für die direkte Abwicklung der Authentifizierung in derselben Anwendung verwendet werden kann:
        * `password`: Einige der nächsten Kapitel werden Beispiele dafür behandeln.
* `openIdConnect`: bietet eine Möglichkeit, zu definieren, wie OAuth2-Authentifizierungsdaten automatisch ermittelt werden können.

        return hmac.digest();
    }

    /**
     * Generates the NT password hash for the given password.
     *
     * @param password the password to hash
     * @return nt password hash
     */
    public static byte[] getNTHash(final String password) {
        if (password == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("Password parameter is required");
        }

     */
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    /**
     * Set the user's password which is used when connecting to the repository.
     *
     * @param password password of the user
     */
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    /**
     * Get the username used to access the repository.
     *

                "msg": "String should match pattern '^password$'",
                "input": grant_type,
                "ctx": {"pattern": "^password$"},
            }
        ]
    }


def test_strict_login_correct_grant_type():
    response = client.post(
        "/login",
        data={"username": "johndoe", "password": "secret", "grant_type": "password"},
    )
    assert response.status_code == 200

                "msg": "String should match pattern '^password$'",
                "input": grant_type,
                "ctx": {"pattern": "^password$"},
            }
        ]
    }


def test_strict_login_correct_correct_grant_type():
    response = client.post(
        "/login",
        data={"username": "johndoe", "password": "secret", "grant_type": "password"},
    )

If it doesn't receive it, it returns an HTTP 401 "Unauthorized" error.

And returns a header `WWW-Authenticate` with a value of `Basic`, and an optional `realm` parameter.

That tells the browser to show the integrated prompt for a username and password.

Then, when you type that username and password, the browser sends them in the header automatically.

     * from memory.
     *
     * @return the password as a char array
     */
    public char[] getPasswordAsCharArray() {
        checkNotClosed();
        return this.password != null && this.password.length > 0 ? this.password.clone() : this.password == null ? null : new char[0];
    }

    /**
     * Securely wipes the password from memory
     */