for (int value : VALUES) {
      assertThat(Ints.checkedCast((long) value)).isEqualTo(value);
    }
    assertCastFails(GREATEST + 1L);
    assertCastFails(LEAST - 1L);
    assertCastFails(Long.MAX_VALUE);
    assertCastFails(Long.MIN_VALUE);
  }

  public void testSaturatedCast() {
    for (int value : VALUES) {
      assertThat(Ints.saturatedCast((long) value)).isEqualTo(value);
    }

   */
  public static short saturatedCast(long value) {
    if (value > Short.MAX_VALUE) {
      return Short.MAX_VALUE;
    }
    if (value < Short.MIN_VALUE) {
      return Short.MIN_VALUE;
    }
    return (short) value;
  }

  /**
   * Compares the two specified {@code short} values. The sign of the value returned is the same as
   * that of {@code ((Short) a).compareTo(b)}.
   *

                Arguments.of(1, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), // ones
                Arguments.of(123, 456L, 789L, 101112L, 131415L), // arbitrary positives
                Arguments.of(Integer.MAX_VALUE, Long.MAX_VALUE, Long.MIN_VALUE, 999_999_999_999L, -1L), // extremes
                Arguments.of(-1, -2L, -3L, -4L, -5L) // negative values
        );
    }

                -1L, // Negative one
                0x00000000FFFFFFFFL, // 32-bit max as long
                0xFFFFFFFF00000000L, // High 32 bits set
                0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFL, // Long.MAX_VALUE
                0x8000000000000000L, // Long.MIN_VALUE
                0x0101010101010101L, // Repeating pattern
                0xFEFEFEFEFEFEFEFEL // Another pattern
        };

        for (long testValue : testValues) {

  public void testIndexOf_specialValues() {
    ImmutableDoubleArray iia =
        ImmutableDoubleArray.of(-0.0, 0.0, Double.MAX_VALUE, Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY, Double.NaN);
    assertThat(iia.indexOf(-0.0)).isEqualTo(0);
    assertThat(iia.indexOf(0.0)).isEqualTo(1);
    assertThat(iia.indexOf(Double.MAX_VALUE)).isEqualTo(2);
    assertThat(iia.indexOf(Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY)).isEqualTo(3);
    assertThat(iia.indexOf(Double.NaN)).isEqualTo(4);

    Long result =
        map.compute(
            key, (k, value) -> updaterFunction.applyAsLong(value == null ? 0L : value.longValue()));
    return requireNonNull(result);
  }

  /**
   * Updates the value currently associated with {@code key} with the specified function, and
   * returns the old value. If there is not currently a value associated with {@code key}, the
   * function is applied to {@code 0L}.
   *

    }

    /**
     * Validates that a value is within the specified range
     *
     * @param value the value to check
     * @param min minimum value (inclusive)
     * @param max maximum value (inclusive)
     * @param fieldName field name for error reporting
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if value is out of range
     */
    public static void validateRange(long value, long min, long max, String fieldName) {

   * @param value any {@code long} value
   * @return the same value cast to {@code char} if it is in the range of the {@code char} type,
   *     {@link Character#MAX_VALUE} if it is too large, or {@link Character#MIN_VALUE} if it is too
   *     small
   */
  public static char saturatedCast(long value) {
    if (value > Character.MAX_VALUE) {
      return Character.MAX_VALUE;
    }
    if (value < Character.MIN_VALUE) {

    for (char value : VALUES) {
      assertThat(Chars.checkedCast((long) value)).isEqualTo(value);
    }
    assertCastFails(GREATEST + 1L);
    assertCastFails(LEAST - 1L);
    assertCastFails(Long.MAX_VALUE);
    assertCastFails(Long.MIN_VALUE);
  }

  public void testSaturatedCast() {
    for (char value : VALUES) {
      assertThat(Chars.saturatedCast((long) value)).isEqualTo(value);
    }

        decoded.decode(buf);
        assertEquals(original, decoded.value, "Decoded value should match encoded value");
    }

    /**
     * Parameterised test for a selection of edge and typical values.
     */
    @ParameterizedTest(name = "Encode and decode {0}")
    @ValueSource(longs = { 0L, 1L, -1L, Long.MAX_VALUE, Long.MIN_VALUE })
    public void testEncodeWithVariousValues(long val) throws NdrException {