Any additional JSON schema data.
            """
        ),
    ] = None,
    **extra: Annotated[
        Any,
        Doc(
            """
            Include extra fields used by the JSON Schema.
            """
        ),
        deprecated(
            """
            The `extra` kwargs is deprecated. Use `json_schema_extra` instead.
            """
        ),
    ],
) -> Any:

from fastapi import Cookie, FastAPI, Header, Query
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Model(BaseModel):
    param: str

    model_config = {"extra": "allow"}


@app.get("/query")
async def query_model_with_extra(data: Model = Query()):
    return data


@app.get("/header")
async def header_model_with_extra(data: Model = Header()):
    return data

自 FastAPI 版本 `0.114.0` 起支持此功能。🤓

///

您可以使用 Pydantic 的模型配置来禁止（ `forbid` ）任何额外（ `extra` ）字段：

{* ../../docs_src/request_form_models/tutorial002_an_py39.py hl[12] *}

如果客户端尝试发送一些额外的数据，他们将收到**错误**响应。

例如，如果客户端尝试发送这样的表单字段：

* `username`: `Rick`
* `password`: `Portal Gun`
* `extra`: `Mr. Poopybutthole`

他们将收到一条错误响应，表明字段 `extra` 是不被允许的：

```json
{
    "detail": [
        {

</div>

## Forbid Extra Headers { #forbid-extra-headers }

In some special use cases (probably not very common), you might want to **restrict** the headers that you want to receive.

You can use Pydantic's model configuration to `forbid` any `extra` fields:

{* ../../docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial002_an_py310.py hl[10] *}

If a client tries to send some **extra headers**, they will receive an **error** response.

</div>

## Prohibir Parámetros Query Extras { #forbid-extra-query-parameters }

En algunos casos de uso especiales (probablemente no muy comunes), podrías querer **restringir** los parámetros query que deseas recibir.

Puedes usar la configuración del modelo de Pydantic para `forbid` cualquier campo `extra`:

{* ../../docs_src/query_param_models/tutorial002_an_py310.py hl[10] *}

    alias_with: str = Field(alias="with", default="nothing")


class FormModelExtraAllow(BaseModel):
    param: str

    model_config = {"extra": "allow"}


@app.post("/form/")
def post_form(user: Annotated[FormModel, Form()]):
    return user


@app.post("/form-extra-allow/")
def post_form_extra_allow(params: Annotated[FormModelExtraAllow, Form()]):
    return params


client = TestClient(app)

이 기능은 FastAPI 버전 `0.114.0` 이후부터 지원됩니다. 🤓

///

Pydantic의 모델 구성을 사용하여 추가(`extra`) 필드를 금지(`forbid`)할 수 있습니다:

{* ../../docs_src/request_form_models/tutorial002_an_py39.py hl[12] *}

클라이언트가 추가 데이터를 보내려고 하면 **오류** 응답을 받게 됩니다.

예를 들어, 클라이언트가 폼 필드를 보내려고 하면:

* `username`: `Rick`
* `password`: `Portal Gun`
* `extra`: `Mr. Poopybutthole`

`extra` 필드가 허용되지 않는다는 오류 응답을 받게 됩니다:

```json
{
    "detail": [
        {

</div>

## Как запретить дополнительные заголовки { #forbid-extra-headers }

В некоторых случаях (не особо часто встречающихся) вам может понадобиться **ограничить** заголовки, которые вы хотите получать.

Вы можете использовать возможности конфигурации Pydantic-модели для того, чтобы запретить (`forbid`) любые дополнительные (`extra`) поля:

{* ../../docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial002_an_py310.py hl[10] *}

        c.cookies.set("session_id", "123")
        c.cookies.set("extra", "track-me-here-too")
        response = c.get("/items/")
    assert response.status_code == 422
    assert response.json() == snapshot(
        {
            "detail": [
                {
                    "type": "extra_forbidden",
                    "loc": ["cookie", "extra"],
                    "msg": "Extra inputs are not permitted",

</div>

## Zusätzliche Query-Parameter verbieten { #forbid-extra-query-parameters }

In einigen speziellen Anwendungsfällen (wahrscheinlich nicht sehr häufig) möchten Sie möglicherweise die Query-Parameter, die Sie empfangen möchten, **beschränken**.

Sie können die Modellkonfiguration von Pydantic verwenden, um jegliche `extra` Felder zu `verbieten`:

{* ../../docs_src/query_param_models/tutorial002_an_py310.py hl[10] *}