* result extraction, header encoding/decoding, and the round-trip of an
 * encode/decode operation.
 */
public class DcerpcMessageTest {

    /**
     * A trivial concrete subclass used for testing. It simply writes a
     * single small value in {@code encode_in} and reads it in
     * {@code decode_out}.
     */
    private static class TestMessage extends DcerpcMessage {
        int decodedValue = 0;

     * @param len the length of data to decode
     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs during decoding
     */
    public SecurityDescriptor(final byte[] buffer, final int bufferIndex, final int len) throws IOException {
        this.decode(buffer, bufferIndex, len);
    }

    /**
     * Decodes a security descriptor from a byte buffer.
     *

    }

    @Test
    void testEncode() throws NdrException {
        // Test the encode method
        long testValue = 987654321098765L;
        NdrHyper ndrHyper = new NdrHyper(testValue);

        // Call the encode method with the mocked NdrBuffer
        ndrHyper.encode(mockNdrBuffer);

        // Verify that enc_ndr_hyper was called exactly once with the correct value

        @Override
        public void encode(NdrBuffer _dst) throws NdrException {
            _dst.align(4);
            _dst.enc_ndr_referent(this.sid, 1);

            if (this.sid != null) {
                _dst = _dst.deferred;
                this.sid.encode(_dst);

            }
        }

        @Override
        public void decode(NdrBuffer _src) throws NdrException {

        // When
        int encoded = messageBlock.encode(buffer, encodeIndex);
        int decoded = messageBlock.decode(buffer, decodeIndex);

        // Then
        assertEquals(encodeLength, encoded);
        assertEquals(decodeLength, decoded);
        verify(messageBlock).encode(buffer, encodeIndex);
        verify(messageBlock).decode(buffer, decodeIndex);
    }

        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should inherit decode from Decodable")
        void shouldInheritDecodeMethod() throws NoSuchMethodException {
            // Verify method is inherited
            assertNotNull(AllocInfo.class.getMethod("decode", byte[].class, int.class, int.class));
            assertEquals(int.class, AllocInfo.class.getMethod("decode", byte[].class, int.class, int.class).getReturnType());
        }

        final byte[] decoded = Base64Util.decode(encoded);
        assertEquals("Decoded should have same length", 2, decoded.length);
        assertEquals("First byte should match", twoBytes[0], decoded[0]);
        assertEquals("Second byte should match", twoBytes[1], decoded[1]);
    }

    /**
     * Test backward compatibility with standard Base64
     *
     * @throws Exception
     */

        @Override
        public void encode(NdrBuffer _dst) throws NdrException {
            _dst.align(4);
            _dst.enc_ndr_referent(netname, 1);

            if (netname != null) {
                _dst = _dst.deferred;
                _dst.enc_ndr_string(netname);

            }
        }

        @Override
        public void decode(NdrBuffer _src) throws NdrException {
            _src.align(4);

        // Test decode
        int size = ace.decode(testBuffer, 0, testBuffer.length);

        // Verify results
        assertEquals(32, size);
        assertTrue(ace.isAllow());
        assertEquals(0x03, ace.getFlags());
        assertEquals(0x001200A9, ace.getAccessMask());
        assertNotNull(ace.getSID());
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test decode with deny ACE")

        void testEmptyArraysEncodeDecode() throws SMBProtocolDecodingException {
            context = new PreauthIntegrityNegotiateContext(mockConfig, new int[0], new byte[0]);
            int encodedSize = context.encode(buffer, 0);

            PreauthIntegrityNegotiateContext decoded = new PreauthIntegrityNegotiateContext();
            int decodedSize = decoded.decode(buffer, 0, encodedSize);