in another `APIRouter` (ultimately included in the app).

    Read more about it in the
    [FastAPI docs for Bigger Applications - Multiple Files](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/bigger-applications/).

    ## Example

    ```python
    from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI

    app = FastAPI()
    router = APIRouter()

Ela foi descontinuada do Starlette, mas se você tem código que a utilizava, você pode facilmente **migrar** para <a href="https://github.com/ciscorn/starlette-graphene3" class="external-link" target="_blank">starlette-graphene3</a>, que cobre o mesmo caso de uso e tem uma **interface quase idêntica**.

/// tip | Dica

  public void testNewArrayListWithCapacity() {
    ArrayList<Integer> list = Lists.newArrayListWithCapacity(0);
    assertEquals(emptyList(), list);

    ArrayList<Integer> bigger = Lists.newArrayListWithCapacity(256);
    assertEquals(emptyList(), bigger);
  }

  public void testNewArrayListWithCapacity_negative() {
    assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> Lists.newArrayListWithCapacity(-1));
  }

{* ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial006_an_py39.py hl[11,16] *}

## *경로 작동* 모음에 대한 의존성

나중에 여러 파일을 가지고 있을 수 있는 더 큰 애플리케이션을 구조화하는 법([더 큰 애플리케이션 - 여러 파일들](../../tutorial/bigger-applications.md){.internal-link target=_blank})을 읽을 때, *경로 작동* 모음에 대한 단일 `dependencies` 매개변수를 선언하는 법에 대해서 배우게 될 것입니다.

## 전역 의존성

                /*
                 * This is purely for backward-compat with 2.x where <extensions> consisting of a single artifact where
                 * loaded into the core and hence available to plugins, in contrast to bigger extensions that were
                 * loaded into a dedicated realm which is invisible to plugins (MNG-2749).
                 */
                publicArtifacts.addAll(artifacts);
            }
        }

  }

  // A random value that cannot be 0 and that is unsigned-less-than or equal
  // to the given dividend, so that we don't have half of our divisions being
  // trivial because the divisor is bigger than the dividend.
  // Using remainder here does not give us a uniform distribution but it should
  // not have a big impact on the measurement.
  private static long randomDivisor(long dividend) {

///

## 分离测试

在实际应用中，你可能会把你的测试放在另一个文件里。

您的**FastAPI**应用程序也可能由一些文件/模块组成等等。

### **FastAPI** app 文件

假设你有一个像 [更大的应用](bigger-applications.md){.internal-link target=_blank} 中所描述的文件结构:

```
.
├── app
│   ├── __init__.py
│   └── main.py
```

在 `main.py` 文件中你有一个 **FastAPI** app:


{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/main.py *}

## Beispiel { #example }

Betrachten wir als einfaches Beispiel eine Dateistruktur ähnlich der in [Größere Anwendungen](../tutorial/bigger-applications.md){.internal-link target=_blank} und [Testen](../tutorial/testing.md){.internal-link target=_blank}:

```
.
├── app
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── main.py
│   └── test_main.py
```

### 返回值

无论路径装饰器依赖项是否返回值，路径操作都不会使用这些值。

因此，可以复用在其他位置使用过的、（能返回值的）普通依赖项，即使没有使用这个值，也会执行该依赖项：

{* ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial006.py hl[9,14] *}

## 为一组路径操作定义依赖项

稍后，[大型应用 - 多文件](../../tutorial/bigger-applications.md){.internal-link target=\_blank}一章中会介绍如何使用多个文件创建大型应用程序，在这一章中，您将了解到如何为一组*路径操作*声明单个 `dependencies` 参数。

## 全局依赖项

`TestClient` 是基于 <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">HTTPX</a> 的。幸运的是，我们可以直接使用它来测试API。

## 示例

举个简单的例子，让我们来看一个[更大的应用](../tutorial/bigger-applications.md){.internal-link target=_blank}和[测试](../tutorial/testing.md){.internal-link target=_blank}中描述的类似文件结构：

```
.
├── app
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── main.py
│   └── test_main.py
```