## Use case { #use-case }

For example, imagine that you want to return an HTTP status code of "OK" `200` by default.

But if the data didn't exist, you want to create it, and return an HTTP status code of "CREATED" `201`.

But you still want to be able to filter and convert the data you return with a `response_model`.

For those cases, you can use a `Response` parameter.

It's all based on standard **Python type** declarations (thanks to Pydantic). No new syntax to learn. Just standard modern Python.

If you need a 2 minute refresher of how to use Python types (even if you don't use FastAPI), check the short tutorial: [Python Types](python-types.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

You write standard Python with types:

```Python
from datetime import date

/// tip

Review what each line does by clicking each number bubble in the code. 👆

///

/// warning

Make sure to **always** use the **exec form** of the `CMD` instruction, as explained below.

///

#### Use `CMD` - Exec Form { #use-cmd-exec-form }

   * <ul>
   *   <li>To retrieve a result from a {@code Future} that is already done, use {@link
   *       Futures#getDone Futures.getDone}.
   *   <li>To treat {@link InterruptedException} uniformly with other exceptions, use {@link
   *       Futures#getChecked(Future, Class) Futures.getChecked}.
   *   <li>To get uninterruptibility and remove checked exceptions, use {@link
   *       Futures#getUnchecked}.
   * </ul>
   *

   *
   * TODO(cpovirk): So make it part of the open-source build, albeit package-private there?
   *
   * So we use uncheckedCastNullableTToT here. This is a weird usage of that method: The method is
   * documented as being for use with type parameters that have parametric nullness. But Converter's
   * type parameters do not. Still, we use it here so that we can suppress a warning at a smaller

mc cat myminio-newuser/my-bucketname/my-objectname
```

### Policy Variables

You can use policy variables in the *Resource* element and in string comparisons in the *Condition* element.

## Integrated middlewares { #integrated-middlewares }

**FastAPI** includes several middlewares for common use cases, we'll see next how to use them.

/// note | Technical Details

For the next examples, you could also use `from starlette.middleware.something import SomethingMiddleware`.

<div class="screenshot">
<img src="/img/tutorial/header-param-models/image01.png">
</div>

## Forbid Extra Headers { #forbid-extra-headers }

In some special use cases (probably not very common), you might want to **restrict** the headers that you want to receive.

You can use Pydantic's model configuration to `forbid` any `extra` fields:

{* ../../docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial002_an_py310.py hl[10] *}

This is just a **quick tutorial / refresher** about Python type hints. It covers only the minimum necessary to use them with **FastAPI**... which is actually very little.

**FastAPI** is all based on these type hints, they give it many advantages and benefits.

But even if you never use **FastAPI**, you would benefit from learning a bit about them.

/// note

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2009 The Guava Authors
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,