This stacking behavior ensures that middlewares are executed in a predictable and controllable order.

## Other middlewares { #other-middlewares }

You can later read more about other middlewares in the [Advanced User Guide: Advanced Middleware](../advanced/middleware.md).

```

::: fastapi.UploadFile
    options:
        members:
            - file
            - filename
            - size
            - headers
            - content_type
            - read
            - write
            - seek

# This ensures that previous jobs for the PR are canceled when the PR is
# updated.
concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.head_ref }}
  cancel-in-progress: true

permissions:
  contents: read

jobs:
  build:
    name: Go ${{ matrix.go-version }} on ${{ matrix.os }}
    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
    strategy:
      matrix:
        go-version: [1.24.x]
        os: [ubuntu-latest]

    steps:

name: 'Auto Assign PR to Author'
on:
  pull_request:
    types: [opened]

permissions: {}

jobs:
  add-reviews:
    permissions:
      contents: read  # for kentaro-m/auto-assign-action to fetch config file
      pull-requests: write  # for kentaro-m/auto-assign-action to assign PR reviewers
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:

        System.arraycopy(remarkBytes, 0, buffer, remarkOffset, remarkBytes.length);
        buffer[remarkOffset + remarkBytes.length] = 0; // null terminator

        // Read the data
        int bytesRead = response.readDataWireFormat(buffer, start, buffer.length);

        // Verify results
        assertTrue(bytesRead > 0);
        FileEntry[] results = getResults(response);

   *
   * <p>The recommended solution for finding the {@code minimum} of some values depends on the type
   * of your data and the number of elements you have. Read more in the Guava User Guide article on
   * <a href="https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/CollectionUtilitiesExplained#comparators">{@code
   * Comparators}</a>.
   *

/**
 * Parse all headers delimited by "\r\n" until an empty line. This throws if headers exceed 256 KiB.
 */
class HeadersReader(
  val source: BufferedSource,
) {
  private var headerLimit = HEADER_LIMIT

  /** Read a single line counted against the header size limit. */
  fun readLine(): String {
    val line = source.readUtf8LineStrict(headerLimit)
    headerLimit -= line.length.toLong()
    return line
  }

    HTTPDigest,
    OAuth2,
    OAuth2AuthorizationCodeBearer,
    OAuth2PasswordBearer,
    OAuth2PasswordRequestForm,
    OAuth2PasswordRequestFormStrict,
    OpenIdConnect,
    SecurityScopes,
)
```

Read more about them in the [FastAPI docs about Security](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/security/).

## API Key Security Schemes

::: fastapi.security.APIKeyCookie

::: fastapi.security.APIKeyHeader

  public RandomAmountInputStream(InputStream in, Random random) {
    super(checkNotNull(in));
    this.random = checkNotNull(random);
  }

  @Override
  public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
    return super.read(b, off, random.nextInt(len) + 1);
  }

        // Fill with pattern to verify we read correct bytes
        for (int i = 0; i < buffer.length; i++) {
            buffer[i] = (byte) (i + 1);
        }

        // Decode
        int bytesDecoded = smbInfoAllocation.decode(buffer, 0, buffer.length);

        // Verify we read exactly 20 bytes (4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4)
        // Note: bytesPerSect is read as Int2 but 4 bytes are consumed (padding)