* look at table entries if it is 0.
     *
     * - All (synchronized) write operations should write to the "count" field after structurally
     * changing any bin. The operations must not take any action that could even momentarily
     * cause a concurrent read operation to see inconsistent data. This is made easier by the

concat_lines() {
  if [ -f "$1" ]; then
    # Remove \r in case we run on Windows within Git Bash
    # and check out the repository with auto CRLF management
    # enabled. Otherwise, we may read lines that are delimited with
    # \r\n and produce $'-Xarg\r' rather than -Xarg due to word
    # splitting rules.
    tr -s '\r\n' ' ' <"$1"
  fi
}

log() {
  if [ "$MVNW_VERBOSE" = true ]; then

        assertTrue(region.getSize() >= 1024, "Region should be at least requested size");
        assertTrue(region.hasAccess(RdmaAccess.LOCAL_READ), "Should have local read access");
        assertTrue(region.hasAccess(RdmaAccess.REMOTE_READ), "Should have remote read access");

        // Verify provider was called
        verify(mockProvider, atLeastOnce()).registerMemory(any(ByteBuffer.class), any());
    }

    @Test

* Read what I write (or follow me) on <a href="https://dev.to/tiangolo" class="external-link" target="_blank">**Dev.to**</a> or <a href="https://medium.com/@tiangolo" class="external-link" target="_blank">**Medium**</a>.
    * Read other ideas, articles, and read about tools I have created.
    * Follow me to read when I publish something new.

name: Create Release

on:
  push:
    tags:
      - 'v*.*.*'

permissions:
  contents: write
  pull-requests: read

jobs:
  create_release:
    name: Create Release
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    steps:
      - name: Checkout code
        uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Generate Release Notes and Publish
        id: generate_release_notes
        uses: release-drafter/release-drafter@v6

```

## Summary { #summary }

You can use **Pydantic models** to declare **query parameters** in **FastAPI**. 😎

/// tip

Spoiler alert: you can also use Pydantic models to declare cookies and headers, but you will read about that later in the tutorial. 🤫

* `write(data)`: `data`(`str` 또는 `bytes`)를 파일에 작성합니다.
* `read(size)`: 파일의 바이트 및 글자의 `size`(`int`)를 읽습니다.
* `seek(offset)`: 파일 내 `offset`(`int`) 위치의 바이트로 이동합니다.
    * 예) `await myfile.seek(0)` 를 사용하면 파일의 시작부분으로 이동합니다.
    * `await myfile.read()` 를 사용한 후 내용을 다시 읽을 때 유용합니다.
* `close()`: 파일을 닫습니다.

상기 모든 메소드들이 `async` 메소드이기 때문에 “await”을 사용하여야 합니다.

For more information, see
https://www.iana.org/time-zones
ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/code/tz-link.html
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6557

      object : Source {
        private var cacheRequestClosed = false

        @Throws(IOException::class)
        override fun read(
          sink: Buffer,
          byteCount: Long,
        ): Long {
          val bytesRead: Long
          try {
            bytesRead = source.read(sink, byteCount)
          } catch (e: IOException) {
            if (!cacheRequestClosed) {
              cacheRequestClosed = true

# Middleware

There are several middlewares available provided by Starlette directly.

Read more about them in the [FastAPI docs for Middleware](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/middleware/).

::: fastapi.middleware.cors.CORSMiddleware

It can be imported from `fastapi`:

```python
from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
```

::: fastapi.middleware.gzip.GZipMiddleware

It can be imported from `fastapi`: