Para esses casos, você pode usar o `jsonable_encoder` para converter seus dados antes de repassá-los para a resposta:

```Python hl_lines="6-7  21-22"
{!../../docs_src/response_directly/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// note | Detalhes Técnicos

Você também pode utilizar `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse`.

{!> ../../docs_src/extra_models/tutorial001_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="9  11  16  22  24  29-30  33-35  40-41"
{!> ../../docs_src/extra_models/tutorial001.py!}
```

////

### `**user_in.dict()` 简介

#### Pydantic 的 `.dict()`

`user_in` 是类 `UserIn` 的 Pydantic 模型。

Pydantic 模型支持 `.dict()` 方法，能返回包含模型数据的**字典**。

因此，如果使用如下方式创建 Pydantic 对象 `user_in`：

<img src="/img/tutorial/extending-openapi/image02.png">

Sie können sie jedoch deaktivieren, indem Sie `syntaxHighlight` auf `False` setzen:

```Python hl_lines="3"
{!../../docs_src/configure_swagger_ui/tutorial001.py!}
```

... und dann zeigt die Swagger-Oberfläche die Syntaxhervorhebung nicht mehr an:

<img src="/img/tutorial/extending-openapi/image03.png">

## Das Theme ändern

```Python hl_lines="17"
{!../../docs_src/path_params/tutorial005.py!}
```

#### *Enum-Wert* erhalten

Den tatsächlichen Wert (in diesem Fall ein `str`) erhalten Sie via `model_name.value`, oder generell, `ihr_enum_member.value`:

```Python hl_lines="20"
{!../../docs_src/path_params/tutorial005.py!}
```

/// tip | "Tipp"

🏆 👈, 🗄 `JSONResponse`, & 📨 👆 🎚 📤 🔗, ⚒ `status_code` 👈 👆 💚:

```Python hl_lines="4  25"
{!../../docs_src/additional_status_codes/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// warning

🕐❔ 👆 📨 `Response` 🔗, 💖 🖼 🔛, ⚫️ 🔜 📨 🔗.

⚫️ 🏆 🚫 🎻 ⏮️ 🏷, ♒️.

⚒ 💭 ⚫️ ✔️ 📊 👆 💚 ⚫️ ✔️, & 👈 💲 ☑ 🎻 (🚥 👆 ⚙️ `JSONResponse`).

///

/// note | "📡 ℹ"

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="4  21"
{!> ../../docs_src/encoder/tutorial001_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="5  22"
{!> ../../docs_src/encoder/tutorial001.py!}
```

////

Neste exemplo, ele converteria o modelo Pydantic em um `dict`, e o `datetime` em um `str`.

from dirty_equals import IsDict
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.extra_data_types.tutorial001 import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test_extra_types():
    item_id = "ff97dd87-a4a5-4a12-b412-cde99f33e00e"
    data = {
        "start_datetime": "2018-12-22T14:00:00+00:00",
        "end_datetime": "2018-12-24T15:00:00+00:00",
        "repeat_at": "15:30:00",
        "process_after": 300,
    }

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.extending_openapi.tutorial001 import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test():
    response = client.get("/items/")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == [{"name": "Foo"}]


def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {

    # ---------------------
    context.close()
    browser.close()


process = subprocess.Popen(
    ["fastapi", "run", "docs_src/cookie_param_models/tutorial001.py"]
)
try:
    for _ in range(3):
        try:
            response = httpx.get("http://localhost:8000/docs")
        except httpx.ConnectError:
            time.sleep(1)
            break

///

## 返回与输入相同的数据

现在我们声明一个 `UserIn` 模型，它将包含一个明文密码属性。

```Python hl_lines="9  11"
{!../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial002.py!}
```

我们正在使用此模型声明输入数据，并使用同一模型声明输出数据：

```Python hl_lines="17-18"
{!../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial002.py!}
```

现在，每当浏览器使用一个密码创建用户时，API 都会在响应中返回相同的密码。

在这个案例中，这可能不算是问题，因为用户自己正在发送密码。

但是，如果我们在其他的*路径操作*中使用相同的模型，则可能会将用户的密码发送给每个客户端。

/// danger