class FastAPIError(RuntimeError):
    """
    A generic, FastAPI-specific error.
    """


class DependencyScopeError(FastAPIError):
    """
    A dependency declared that it depends on another dependency with an invalid
    (narrower) scope.
    """


class ValidationException(Exception):
    def __init__(
        self,
        errors: Sequence[Any],
        *,

   * ```
   *
   * @param forceConstructed non-null to set the constructed bit to the specified value, even if the
   *     writing process sets something else. This is used to encode SEQUENCES in values that are
   *     declared to have non-constructed values, like OCTET STRING values.
   */
  @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST") // read() produces a single element of the expected type.
  fun withExplicitBox(

{* ../../docs_src/body_fields/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[4] *}


/// warning | 注意

`Field`は他の全てのもの（`Query`、`Path`、`Body`など）とは違い、`fastapi`からではなく、`pydantic`から直接インポートされていることに注意してください。

///

## モデルの属性の宣言 { #declare-model-attributes }

以下のように`Field`をモデルの属性として使用することができます:

{* ../../docs_src/body_fields/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[11:14] *}

`Field`は`Query`や`Path`、`Body`と同じように動作し、全く同様のパラメータなどを持ちます。

/// note | 技術詳細

{* ../../docs_src/bigger_applications/app_an_py310/routers/users.py hl[1,3] title["app/routers/users.py"] *}

### *Operações de Rota* com `APIRouter` { #path-operations-with-apirouter }

E então você o utiliza para declarar suas *operações de rota*.

Utilize-o da mesma maneira que utilizaria a classe `FastAPI`:

{* ../../docs_src/bigger_applications/app_an_py310/routers/users.py hl[6,11,16] title["app/routers/users.py"] *}

 */
@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
public class RequestParamTest {

    // Happy path: values() returns all constants in declaration order
    @Test
    @DisplayName("values() returns all declared constants in order")
    void valuesContainsAllInOrder() {
        RequestParam[] values = RequestParam.values();

        assertNotNull(values, "values() must not return null");

In this case, the list would have to include `http://localhost:8080` for the `:8080`-frontend to work correctly.

## Wildcards { #wildcards }

It's also possible to declare the list as `"*"` (a "wildcard") to say that all are allowed.

# Using Dataclasses { #using-dataclasses }

FastAPI is built on top of **Pydantic**, and I have been showing you how to use Pydantic models to declare requests and responses.

But FastAPI also supports using [`dataclasses`](https://docs.python.org/3/library/dataclasses.html) the same way:

{* ../../docs_src/dataclasses_/tutorial001_py310.py hl[1,6:11,18:19] *}

헤더 매개변수를 `Query`, `Path` 그리고 `Cookie` 매개변수들과 같은 방식으로 정의할 수 있습니다.

## `Header` 임포트 { #import-header }

먼저 `Header`를 임포트합니다:

{* ../../docs_src/header_params/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[3] *}

## `Header` 매개변수 선언 { #declare-header-parameters }

`Path`, `Query` 그리고 `Cookie`를 사용한 동일한 구조를 이용하여 헤더 매개변수를 선언합니다.

첫 번째 값은 기본값이며, 추가 검증이나 어노테이션 매개변수 모두 전달할 수 있습니다:

{* ../../docs_src/header_params/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[9] *}

        // We don't need the extra annotations provided by j2objc
        applyRule<DependencyRemovalByNameRule>("com.google.http-client:google-http-client", setOf("j2objc-annotations"))

        // Read capabilities declared in capabilities.json
        readCapabilitiesFromJson()

        // Prevent Spock from pulling in Groovy and third-party dependencies - see https://github.com/spockframework/spock/issues/899

`Annotated` kullanmadan önce mutlaka FastAPI sürümünü en az 0.95.1 olacak şekilde [FastAPI sürümünü yükseltin](../deployment/versions.md#upgrading-the-fastapi-versions).

///

## Metadata Tanımlayın { #declare-metadata }

`Query` için geçerli olan parametrelerin aynısını tanımlayabilirsiniz.

Örneğin, `item_id` path parametresi için bir `title` metadata değeri tanımlamak isterseniz şunu yazabilirsiniz: