Во время разработки я также внес вклад в [**Starlette**](https://www.starlette.dev/), другую ключевую зависимость.

## Разработка { #development }

Именно этих двух компонентов — `scope` и `receive` — достаточно, чтобы создать новый экземпляр `Request`.

Чтобы узнать больше о `Request`, см. [документацию Starlette о запросах](https://www.starlette.dev/requests/).

///

Единственное, что делает по-другому функция, возвращённая `GzipRequest.get_route_handler`, — преобразует `Request` в `GzipRequest`.

To use, first add this library as a test dependency:

```
testImplementation("com.squareup.okhttp3:mockwebserver3-junit5:5.3.0")
```

Annotate fields in test classes with `@StartStop`. The server will be started and shut down
automatically.

```
class MyTest {

  @StartStop
  public final MockWebServer server = new MockWebServer();

  @Test
  void test() {
    ...
  }
}
```

Requirements

from starlette.middleware import Middleware as Middleware...

from starlette.middleware.trustedhost import (  # noqa
    TrustedHostMiddleware as TrustedHostMiddleware,

# Middleware

There are several middlewares available provided by Starlette directly.

Read more about them in the [FastAPI docs for Middleware](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/middleware/).

::: fastapi.middleware.cors.CORSMiddleware

It can be imported from `fastapi`:

```python
from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
```

::: fastapi.middleware.gzip.GZipMiddleware

It can be imported from `fastapi`:

from typing import Annotated

from fastapi import FastAPI, File, Form
from starlette.testclient import TestClient

app = FastAPI()


@app.post("/urlencoded")
async def post_url_encoded(age: Annotated[int | None, Form()] = None):
    return age


@app.post("/multipart")
async def post_multi_part(
    age: Annotated[int | None, Form()] = None,
    file: Annotated[bytes | None, File()] = None,
):

from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException
from fastapi.exceptions import RequestValidationError
from fastapi.responses import PlainTextResponse
from starlette.exceptions import HTTPException as StarletteHTTPException

app = FastAPI()


@app.exception_handler(StarletteHTTPException)
async def http_exception_handler(request, exc):
    return PlainTextResponse(str(exc.detail), status_code=exc.status_code)

from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException
from fastapi.exception_handlers import (
    http_exception_handler,
    request_validation_exception_handler,
)
from fastapi.exceptions import RequestValidationError
from starlette.exceptions import HTTPException as StarletteHTTPException

app = FastAPI()


@app.exception_handler(StarletteHTTPException)
async def custom_http_exception_handler(request, exc):
    print(f"OMG! An HTTP error!: {repr(exc)}")

   * immediately accessed at the stable (maximum) rate.
   *
   * <p>The returned {@code RateLimiter} starts in a "cold" state (i.e. the warmup period will
   * follow), and if it is left unused for long enough, it will return to that state.
   *
   * @param permitsPerSecond the rate of the returned {@code RateLimiter}, measured in how many
   *     permits become available per second